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Learning Python Networking
Learning Python Networking

Learning Python Networking: A complete guide to build and deploy strong networking capabilities using Python 3.7 and Ansible , Second Edition

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Profile Icon José Manuel Ortega Profile Icon Dr. M. O. Faruque Sarker Profile Icon Sam Washington
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Profile Icon José Manuel Ortega Profile Icon Dr. M. O. Faruque Sarker Profile Icon Sam Washington
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Paperback Mar 2019 490 pages 2nd Edition
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Learning Python Networking

Network Programming with Python

This book will focus on writing programs for networks that use the Internet Protocol (IP) suite. Why have we chosen to do this? Well, out of the sets of protocols that are supported by the Python standard library, the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)/IP protocol is by far the most widely employable. It contains the principal protocols that are used by the internet. By learning to program for TCP/IP, you'll be learning how to potentially communicate with just about every device that is connected to this great tangle of network cables and electromagnetic waves.

The following topics will be covered in this chapter:

  • An introduction to TCP/IP networking
  • Protocol concepts and the problems that protocols solve
  • Addressing
  • Creating RESTful web applications and working with flask and HTTP requests
  • Interacting flask with the SQLAlchemy database

In...

Technical requirements

Before you start reading this book, you should already know the basics of Python programming, such as the basic syntax, variable types, data type tuple, list dictionary, functions, strings, and methods. At the moment of writing this book, versions 3.7.2 and 2.7.15 are available at python.org/downloads. In this book, we will work with version 3.7 for code examples and installing packages.

The examples and source code for this chapter are available in this book's GitHub repository in the Chapter01 folder: https://github.com/PacktPublishing/Learning-Python-Networking-Second-Edition.

An introduction to TCP/IP networking

This first section offers an introduction to essential networking concepts, with a strong focus on the TCP/IP stack.

The following discussion is based on Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4). Since the internet has run out of IPv4 addresses, a new version, IPv6, has been developed, which is intended to resolve this situation. However, although IPv6 is being used in a few areas, its deployment is progressing slowly and the majority of the internet will likely be using IPv4 for a while longer. We'll focus on IPv4 in this section, and then we will discuss the relevant changes in the IPv6 section of this chapter.

Introduction to TCP/IP

TCP/IP is a set of protocols that were designed to work...

Protocol concepts and the problems that protocols solve

This section explains concepts regarding IP addresses and ports, network interfaces in a local machine, and other concepts related to protocols, such as Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) and DNS.

IP addresses and ports

IP addresses are addresses that help to uniquely identify a device over the internet. A port is an endpoint for communication in an operating system.

When you connect to the internet, your device is assigned a public IP address, and each website you visit also has a public IP address. So far, we have used IPv4 as an addressing system. The main problem with this is that the internet is running out of IPv4 public address space and so it is necessary...

Addressing

This section explains concepts regarding the Network Address Translation (NAT) protocol and introduces the differences between the IPv4 and IPv6 formats.

NAT

This mechanism makes the traffic from the private network appear to be coming from a single valid public internet address, which effectively hides the private addresses from the internet. If you inspect the output of ip addr or ipconfig/all commands, then you will find that your devices are using private range addresses, which would have been assigned to them by your DHCP server or by your router through DHCP address dynamic assignment.

The private address ranges that are usually assigned are as follows:

  • 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255
  • 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255...

Python network programming through libraries

In this section, we're going to look at a general approach to network programming in Python. We'll be introducing the main standard library modules and look at some examples to see how they relate to the TCP/IP stack.

An introduction to the PyPI Python repository

The Python Package Index, or PyPI, which can be found at https://pypi.python.org, is the official software repository for third-party applications in the Python programming language. Python developers want it to be a comprehensive catalog of all Python packages written in open source code.

To download packages from the PyPI repository, you can use several tools, but in this section, we will explain how to use...

Interacting with Wireshark with pyshark

This section will help you update the basics of Wireshark to capture packets, filter them, and inspect them. You can use Wireshark to analyze the network traffic of a suspicious program, analyze the traffic flow in your network, or solve network problems. We will also review the pyshark module for capturing packets in Python.

Introduction to Wireshark

Wireshark is a network packet analysis tool that captures packets in real time and displays them in a graphic interface. Wireshark includes filters, color coding, and other features that allow you to analyze network traffic and inspect packets individually.

Wireshark implements a wide range of filters that facilitate the definition of search...

Summary

In this chapter, we have completed an introduction to TCP/IP and how machines communicate in a network. We learned about the main protocols of the network stack and the different types of address for communicating in a network. We started with Python libraries for network programming and looked at socket and the urlllib and requests modules, and provided an example of how we can interact and obtain information from RFC documents. We also acquired some basic knowledge so that we are able to perform a network traffic analysis with Wireshark.

Wireshark is provided with innumerable functionalities, thanks to which we will be able to identify and analyze network traffic and identify communications in our network.

In the next chapter, you will learn how to use Python as an HTTP client so that you can make requests over the REST API and retrieve web resources with the urllib...

Questions

  1. What TCP/IP layer does user interaction with computers and services occur?
  2. Why do we need to replace IPv4 with the IPv6 protocol?
  3. What protocol allows you to dynamically configure IP addresses in the device's operating system?
  4. What mechanism makes the traffic from the private network appear to be coming from a single valid public internet address and hides the private addresses from the internet?
  5. What are the main options for installing Python packages on your localhost machine?
  6. What is the main Python tool for creating virtual environments, which also includes a separate Python installation for the packages?
  7. What are the main modules that we can find in Python to make HTTP requests at a high level?
  8. What are the main modules that we can find in Python to make HTTP requests at a low level?
  9. Which library can we use to analyze network traffic in Python that Wireshark...

Further reading

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Key benefits

  • Deal with remote network servers using SSH, FTP, SNMP and LDAP protocols.
  • Design multi threaded and event-driven architectures for asynchronous servers programming.
  • Leverage your Python programming skills to build powerful network applications

Description

Network programming has always been a demanding task. With full-featured and well-documented libraries all the way up the stack, Python makes network programming the enjoyable experience it should be. Starting with a walk through of today's major networking protocols, through this book, you'll learn how to employ Python for network programming, how to request and retrieve web resources, and how to extract data in major formats over the web. You will utilize Python for emailing using different protocols, and you'll interact with remote systems and IP and DNS networking. You will cover the connection of networking devices and configuration using Python 3.7, along with cloud-based network management tasks using Python. As the book progresses, socket programming will be covered, followed by how to design servers, and the pros and cons of multithreaded and event-driven architectures. You'll develop practical clientside applications, including web API clients, email clients, SSH, and FTP. These applications will also be implemented through existing web application frameworks.

Who is this book for?

If you're a Python developer or a system administrator with Python experience and you're looking to take your first steps in network programming, then this book is for you. If you're a network engineer or a network professional aiming to be more productive and efficient in networking programmability and automation then this book would serve as a useful resource. Basic knowledge of Python is assumed.

What you will learn

  • Execute Python modules on networking tools
  • Automate tasks regarding the analysis and extraction of information from a network
  • Get to grips with asynchronous programming modules available in Python
  • Get to grips with IP address manipulation modules using Python programming
  • Understand the main frameworks available in Python that are focused on web application
  • Manipulate IP addresses and perform CIDR calculations
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Table of Contents

18 Chapters
Section 1: Introduction to Network and HTTP Programming Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Network Programming with Python Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Programming for the Web with HTTP Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Section 2: Interacting with APIs, Web Scraping, and Server Scripting Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Application Programming Interface in Action Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Web Scraping with BeautifulSoup and Scrapy Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Engaging with Email Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Interacting with Remote Systems Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Section 3: IP Address Manipulation and Network Automation Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Working with IP and DNS Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Implementing IPv6 and Address Manipulation Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Performing Network Automation with Python and Ansible Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Section 4: Sockets and Server Programming Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Programming with Sockets Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Designing Servers and Asynchronous Programming Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Designing Applications on the Web Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Assessment Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Another Book You May Enjoy Chevron down icon Chevron up icon

Customer reviews

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Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Half star icon 4.2
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Claudio Rodriguez Apr 20, 2019
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon 5
This book covers a lot of ground, and it will help you get ready for building distributed systems and managing enterprise networks using Python and Ansible.Many topics are rarely covered anywhere else, but that you will need when you are working in the industry. I found the ones on networking especially valuable for me, as it provides a map where I can do experimentation to learn more about it.
Amazon Verified review Amazon
ian rust May 27, 2020
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon 5
There are small flaws with this book - mainly that sentences are occasionally poorly worded and hard to interpret, but its flaws don't compare with the quality and density of information provided - the amount I'm learning at the speed I'm learning it. This book should be especially valuable to anyone that lacks practical network programming experience, has mainly read about networking. Also, Python is just a fantastic language for network programming - after reading this book I feel Python is probably the best language for network programming. Things that in javascript, C, or Java are a giant hassle, in Python they are just totally simple.I suspect I'm going to be turning to Python for network programming alot in the future.Anyway, as far as the book - every other page I'm learning something that I am glad I learned. Authors did a good job making the book dense with practical information / not wasting your time.
Amazon Verified review Amazon
tmjr Jan 17, 2024
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon 5
it is what it is
Amazon Verified review Amazon
jmortegac Feb 20, 2023
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Empty star icon 4
Interesting book for learning the basics for networking. Also includes web development topics with flask and django.
Amazon Verified review Amazon
Uncle Buck Apr 20, 2019
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Empty star icon Empty star icon 3
The technical content of the book is pretty good. Packt however has failed this Author. This book is desperately in need of a good editor and revision. The content needs bridging between subjects and the presentation feels clunky and disjointed. The transition from topic to topic in the chapters is jarring. There is no introduction as to how the next topic relates to the former topic or any transition at all.Technically the content is good, and the code presented works. The author is obviously a skilled developer and I don't want to disparage him. I feel like this could be a good book with some editorial effort. Packt needs to really put some effort into its editorial work on these books instead of cranking them out as fast as they can. This is the second Packt book I have been disappointed with so far this year, for the same reason, editorially the book is lacking.Notice: I was given a copy of the book in exchange for my review.
Amazon Verified review Amazon
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