Key Pattern catalogs
A pattern is a named solution for a commonly occurring problem in software design. Patterns are most often cataloged in some kind of repository. Some of them are published as books. The most popular and widely used pattern catalog is GOF.
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The GOF catalog
The Gang of Four (GOF), named after creators of the catalog, started the pattern movement. The creators were mostly focused on design and architecture of object oriented software. The ideas of Christopher Alexander were borrowed from building architecture and applied  to software engineering .Soon, people began pattern initiatives in the area of application architecture, concurrency, security, and so on. The Gang Of Four divided the catalog into structural, creational, and behavioral patterns. The original book used C++ and Smalltalk for explaining the concepts. These patterns have been ported and leveraged in most of the OOP languages that exist  today. The table below lists patterns from the GOF catalog.
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