Indexed arrays and associative arrays
Bash provides a feature to declare a list (or array) of variables in a one-dimensional array that can be an indexed array or associative array. The size of an array can be 0 or more.
Indexed arrays
An indexed array contains variables that may or may not have been initialized continuously. Indices of an indexed array start from 0. This means that the first element of an array will start at an index 0.
Array declaration and value assignment
An indexed array can be declared by just initializing any index as follows:
array_name[index]=value
Here, an index can be any positive integer or an expression must be evaluated to a positive integer.
Another way of declaring is by using the declare shell built in as follows:
declare -a array_name
We can also initialize an array with values during a declaration. Values are enclosed within parentheses and each value is separated with a blank space as follows:
declare -a array_name=(value1 value2 value3 …)
