Search icon CANCEL
Subscription
0
Cart icon
Your Cart (0 item)
Close icon
You have no products in your basket yet
Arrow left icon
Explore Products
Best Sellers
New Releases
Books
Videos
Audiobooks
Learning Hub
Conferences
Free Learning
Arrow right icon
Cassandra Design Patterns
Cassandra Design Patterns

Cassandra Design Patterns: Build real-world, industry-strength data storage solutions with time-tested design methodologies using Cassandra , Second Edition

Arrow left icon
Profile Icon Rajanarayanan Thottuvaikkatumana
Arrow right icon
$19.99 per month
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Empty star icon Empty star icon 3 (2 Ratings)
Paperback Nov 2015 168 pages 2nd Edition
eBook
$20.98 $29.99
Paperback
$38.99
Subscription
Free Trial
Renews at $19.99p/m
Arrow left icon
Profile Icon Rajanarayanan Thottuvaikkatumana
Arrow right icon
$19.99 per month
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Empty star icon Empty star icon 3 (2 Ratings)
Paperback Nov 2015 168 pages 2nd Edition
eBook
$20.98 $29.99
Paperback
$38.99
Subscription
Free Trial
Renews at $19.99p/m
eBook
$20.98 $29.99
Paperback
$38.99
Subscription
Free Trial
Renews at $19.99p/m

What do you get with a Packt Subscription?

Free for first 7 days. $19.99 p/m after that. Cancel any time!
Product feature icon Unlimited ad-free access to the largest independent learning library in tech. Access this title and thousands more!
Product feature icon 50+ new titles added per month, including many first-to-market concepts and exclusive early access to books as they are being written.
Product feature icon Innovative learning tools, including AI book assistants, code context explainers, and text-to-speech.
Product feature icon Thousands of reference materials covering every tech concept you need to stay up to date.
Subscribe now
View plans & pricing
Table of content icon View table of contents Preview book icon Preview Book

Cassandra Design Patterns

Chapter 2. RDBMS Migration Patterns

 

"The secret of change is to focus all of your energy, not on fighting the old, but on building the new"

 
 --Dan Millman

A big bang approach to any kind of technology migration is not advisable. A series of deliberations have to take place before the eventual and complete change over. Migration from RDBMS to Cassandra is no different. Any new technology replacing an old one must coexist harmoniously with the old technology, at least for a short period of time. This gives a lot of confidence in the new technology to the stakeholders.

Many technology pundits provide you with various approaches for the RDBMS to NoSQL migration strategies. Many such guidelines are specific to particular NoSQL data stores, paying attention to specific areas, and most of the time that will end up paying attention to the process rather than the technology. Here, the point of discussion is not the process of the migration. All the technical, economical...

A brief overview

The concepts such as collection data types, counters, and TTL in Cassandra are very powerful. But before using them to talk about the design patterns, it will be a good idea to discuss some of the basic and general aspects outside the world of Cassandra.

Lists as an abstract idea, occur in our daily life, such as a list of things to buy, a list of tasks to be completed, a list of steps to follow, and so on and so forth. Each of the items in a list has a unique position. Referring to the items in a list by their position happens quite often in our daily conversations, for example, "tell me the first task to be completed", "tell me the high priority item from the list of things to buy", and so on. The items in a list may repeat. For example, the list of steps to follow when driving from point A to point B may have the instruction "Turn Right" repeated many times. However, the position of that step in the list matters. The characteristics of List...

List pattern

Whenever a list appears in a real-world use case, use the Cassandra data type the List pattern in the column family. Whenever the list in the real-world use case mandates the order of items, the List data type in Cassandra is ideal. Whenever there is a need to store the same value or object multiple times in the data store, the List data type in Cassandra is the best type to go with.

Motivations/solutions

In the normalized RDBMS tables, whenever there is a need to have a list of things associated with an entity, the easiest, no-brainer approach is to have a one-to-many relationship of two tables. When reports or other business processes need all these pieces of data together, a multi-table join is used. The joins on multiple tables always perform badly when the number of records in the tables are huge. This affects the read performance as well as the write performance. The performance is affected because of two reasons. One, as mentioned earlier, is the need to do table joins...

Set pattern

Whenever there is a set in a real-world use case, use the Cassandra data type Set in the column family. Whenever the set in the real-world use case does not mandate the order of items, and if the items don't repeat, the Set data type in Cassandra is ideal. In the applications, even if the duplicate check is relaxed, since the Set data type cannot handle duplicate items, it will not take duplicate items.

Motivations/solutions

In the normalized RDBMS tables, whenever there is a need to have a set of things associated with an entity, the easiest and the most straightforward approach is to have a one-to-many relationship of two tables. When the reports or other business processes need all these pieces of data together, a multi-table join is used. The joins on multiple tables always perform badly when the number of records on the tables is very large. This affects the read performance as well as the write performance. The performance is affected because of two reasons. One, as...

Map pattern

Whenever there is a need to provide a mapping of keys to values as part of a record, use the Cassandra data type Map in the column family. The "as part of a record" part of preceding sentence is very important. This must not be misunderstood as any general lookup service of records such as the master tables in the RDBMS world.

Motivations/solutions

In the normalized RDBMS tables, whenever there is a need to provide a key to value mapping for an entity, the easiest and most straightforward approach is to create a small lookup table with the key as the primary key of the lookup table and the value as the non-primary key. Just like all the other patterns discussed in this chapter, the joins of the tables are required to get all the pieces of data together even here. All the perils of the table joins are applicable here too. Cassandra comes with a data type Map that can be used in the column families to solve this problem. This avoids the need to have joins and indexes to...

Distributed Counter pattern

Whenever there is a need to maintain counters in applications that need to be persisted and distributed, use the Cassandra Counter data type in the column families. The distributed counter value is 64-bit long, supporting only two operations, namely increment and decrement. This is much better than storing the counter values in RDBMS tables, caches, log files, text files, and so on. In the latest version of Cassandra, the performance of the Counter data type has been improved a lot, and many issues have been fixed to allow it to support very powerful use cases.

Motivations/solutions

The need to use counters exists in most applications. If the application and the database lives in just one node, there is no issue and everything is hunky-dory. The moment any one of these components gets distributed across multiple nodes, the pain begins. Then the need for synchronization arises, and the external synchronization tools such as Zookeeper come into the solution stack...

A brief overview


The concepts such as collection data types, counters, and TTL in Cassandra are very powerful. But before using them to talk about the design patterns, it will be a good idea to discuss some of the basic and general aspects outside the world of Cassandra.

Lists as an abstract idea, occur in our daily life, such as a list of things to buy, a list of tasks to be completed, a list of steps to follow, and so on and so forth. Each of the items in a list has a unique position. Referring to the items in a list by their position happens quite often in our daily conversations, for example, "tell me the first task to be completed", "tell me the high priority item from the list of things to buy", and so on. The items in a list may repeat. For example, the list of steps to follow when driving from point A to point B may have the instruction "Turn Right" repeated many times. However, the position of that step in the list matters. The characteristics of List as an abstract concept are very...

List pattern


Whenever a list appears in a real-world use case, use the Cassandra data type the List pattern in the column family. Whenever the list in the real-world use case mandates the order of items, the List data type in Cassandra is ideal. Whenever there is a need to store the same value or object multiple times in the data store, the List data type in Cassandra is the best type to go with.

Motivations/solutions

In the normalized RDBMS tables, whenever there is a need to have a list of things associated with an entity, the easiest, no-brainer approach is to have a one-to-many relationship of two tables. When reports or other business processes need all these pieces of data together, a multi-table join is used. The joins on multiple tables always perform badly when the number of records in the tables are huge. This affects the read performance as well as the write performance. The performance is affected because of two reasons. One, as mentioned earlier, is the need to do table joins...

Set pattern


Whenever there is a set in a real-world use case, use the Cassandra data type Set in the column family. Whenever the set in the real-world use case does not mandate the order of items, and if the items don't repeat, the Set data type in Cassandra is ideal. In the applications, even if the duplicate check is relaxed, since the Set data type cannot handle duplicate items, it will not take duplicate items.

Motivations/solutions

In the normalized RDBMS tables, whenever there is a need to have a set of things associated with an entity, the easiest and the most straightforward approach is to have a one-to-many relationship of two tables. When the reports or other business processes need all these pieces of data together, a multi-table join is used. The joins on multiple tables always perform badly when the number of records on the tables is very large. This affects the read performance as well as the write performance. The performance is affected because of two reasons. One, as mentioned...

Left arrow icon Right arrow icon

Key benefits

  • Explore design patterns which co-exist with legacy data stores, migration from RDBMS, and caching technologies with Cassandra
  • Learn about design patterns and use Cassandra to provide consistency, availability, and partition tolerance guarantees for applications
  • Handle temporal data for analytical purposes

Description

If you are new to Cassandra but well-versed in RDBMS modeling and design, then it is natural to model data in the same way in Cassandra, resulting in poorly performing applications and losing the real purpose of Cassandra. If you want to learn to make the most of Cassandra, this book is for you. This book starts with strategies to integrate Cassandra with other legacy data stores and progresses to the ways in which a migration from RDBMS to Cassandra can be accomplished. The journey continues with ideas to migrate data from cache solutions to Cassandra. With this, the stage is set and the book moves on to some of the most commonly seen problems in applications when dealing with consistency, availability, and partition tolerance guarantees. Cassandra is exceptionally good at dealing with temporal data and patterns such as the time-series pattern and log pattern, which are covered next. Many NoSQL data stores fail miserably when a huge amount of data is read for analytical purposes, but Cassandra is different in this regard. Keeping analytical needs in mind, you’ll walk through different and interesting design patterns. No theoretical discussions are complete without a good set of use cases to which the knowledge gained can be applied, so the book concludes with a set of use cases you can apply the patterns you’ve learned.

Who is this book for?

This book is intended for big data developers who are familiar with the basics of Cassandra and wish to understand and utilize Cassandra design patterns to develop real-world big data solutions. Prior knowledge of RDBMS solutions is assumed.

What you will learn

  • Enable Cassandra to co-exist with RDBMS and other legacy data stores
  • Explore various design patterns to build effective and robust storage solutions
  • Migrate from RDBMS-based data stores and caching solutions to Cassandra
  • Understand the behaviour of Cassandra when trying to balance the needs of consistency, availability, and partition tolerance
  • Deal with time stamps related to data effectively
  • See how Cassandra can be used in analytical use cases
  • Apply the design patterns covered in this book in real-world use cases

Product Details

Country selected
Publication date, Length, Edition, Language, ISBN-13
Publication date : Nov 04, 2015
Length: 168 pages
Edition : 2nd
Language : English
ISBN-13 : 9781785285707
Vendor :
Apache
Category :
Languages :
Tools :

What do you get with a Packt Subscription?

Free for first 7 days. $19.99 p/m after that. Cancel any time!
Product feature icon Unlimited ad-free access to the largest independent learning library in tech. Access this title and thousands more!
Product feature icon 50+ new titles added per month, including many first-to-market concepts and exclusive early access to books as they are being written.
Product feature icon Innovative learning tools, including AI book assistants, code context explainers, and text-to-speech.
Product feature icon Thousands of reference materials covering every tech concept you need to stay up to date.
Subscribe now
View plans & pricing

Product Details

Publication date : Nov 04, 2015
Length: 168 pages
Edition : 2nd
Language : English
ISBN-13 : 9781785285707
Vendor :
Apache
Category :
Languages :
Tools :

Packt Subscriptions

See our plans and pricing
Modal Close icon
$19.99 billed monthly
Feature tick icon Unlimited access to Packt's library of 7,000+ practical books and videos
Feature tick icon Constantly refreshed with 50+ new titles a month
Feature tick icon Exclusive Early access to books as they're written
Feature tick icon Solve problems while you work with advanced search and reference features
Feature tick icon Offline reading on the mobile app
Feature tick icon Simple pricing, no contract
$199.99 billed annually
Feature tick icon Unlimited access to Packt's library of 7,000+ practical books and videos
Feature tick icon Constantly refreshed with 50+ new titles a month
Feature tick icon Exclusive Early access to books as they're written
Feature tick icon Solve problems while you work with advanced search and reference features
Feature tick icon Offline reading on the mobile app
Feature tick icon Choose a DRM-free eBook or Video every month to keep
Feature tick icon PLUS own as many other DRM-free eBooks or Videos as you like for just $5 each
Feature tick icon Exclusive print discounts
$279.99 billed in 18 months
Feature tick icon Unlimited access to Packt's library of 7,000+ practical books and videos
Feature tick icon Constantly refreshed with 50+ new titles a month
Feature tick icon Exclusive Early access to books as they're written
Feature tick icon Solve problems while you work with advanced search and reference features
Feature tick icon Offline reading on the mobile app
Feature tick icon Choose a DRM-free eBook or Video every month to keep
Feature tick icon PLUS own as many other DRM-free eBooks or Videos as you like for just $5 each
Feature tick icon Exclusive print discounts

Frequently bought together


Stars icon
Total $ 142.97
Learning Apache Cassandra
$48.99
Mastering Apache Cassandra - Second Edition
$54.99
Cassandra Design Patterns
$38.99
Total $ 142.97 Stars icon

Table of Contents

8 Chapters
1. Co-existence Patterns Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
2. RDBMS Migration Patterns Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
3. Cache Migration Patterns Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
4. CAP Patterns Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
5. Temporal Patterns Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
6. Analytics Patterns Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
7. Designing Applications Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Index Chevron down icon Chevron up icon

Customer reviews

Rating distribution
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Empty star icon Empty star icon 3
(2 Ratings)
5 star 50%
4 star 0%
3 star 0%
2 star 0%
1 star 50%
Frank Dec 28, 2015
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon 5
[Disclosure: I am the Technical Reviewer of this book]Cassandra Design Patterns is a superb introduction to Cassandra, for anyone approaching the subject from a traditional RDBMS background. All the important fundamental concepts are explained clearly and concisely, and in RDBMS terms.The book provides historical context surrounding the application design, which helps the reader to grasp the reasons behind Cassandra design decisions. I think this results in a more complete understanding of the subject for the reader. The author does this without getting bogged down or including irrelevant details.Particular attention is paid throughout the book to use cases where the application is deployed as a replacement for, or in operation with, existing non-distributed storage systems. The author methodically works over a number of categories of real-world uses, and works out each example completely. The task of applying these examples is discussed in each case.My favourite aspect of the book is the approach to the use cases: the author begins by discussing the relevant practical application, and then carefully deconstructs it down into a Cassandra setup. He makes sure to mention any obscure 'gotchas' or tweaks to the setup that may be necessary in certain circumstances.
Amazon Verified review Amazon
Christian Sep 25, 2016
Full star icon Empty star icon Empty star icon Empty star icon Empty star icon 1
At times unintillegible, non of the examples seem to be great examples really. This felt like a weekend project made it into a book. Seriously the worst technical book I've bought in years, I even requested a refund which I had never done before. stay away from this book. Even the english in the book feels awkward as hell, did anyone even review a draft of this garbage?
Amazon Verified review Amazon
Get free access to Packt library with over 7500+ books and video courses for 7 days!
Start Free Trial

FAQs

What is included in a Packt subscription? Chevron down icon Chevron up icon

A subscription provides you with full access to view all Packt and licnesed content online, this includes exclusive access to Early Access titles. Depending on the tier chosen you can also earn credits and discounts to use for owning content

How can I cancel my subscription? Chevron down icon Chevron up icon

To cancel your subscription with us simply go to the account page - found in the top right of the page or at https://subscription.packtpub.com/my-account/subscription - From here you will see the ‘cancel subscription’ button in the grey box with your subscription information in.

What are credits? Chevron down icon Chevron up icon

Credits can be earned from reading 40 section of any title within the payment cycle - a month starting from the day of subscription payment. You also earn a Credit every month if you subscribe to our annual or 18 month plans. Credits can be used to buy books DRM free, the same way that you would pay for a book. Your credits can be found in the subscription homepage - subscription.packtpub.com - clicking on ‘the my’ library dropdown and selecting ‘credits’.

What happens if an Early Access Course is cancelled? Chevron down icon Chevron up icon

Projects are rarely cancelled, but sometimes it's unavoidable. If an Early Access course is cancelled or excessively delayed, you can exchange your purchase for another course. For further details, please contact us here.

Where can I send feedback about an Early Access title? Chevron down icon Chevron up icon

If you have any feedback about the product you're reading, or Early Access in general, then please fill out a contact form here and we'll make sure the feedback gets to the right team. 

Can I download the code files for Early Access titles? Chevron down icon Chevron up icon

We try to ensure that all books in Early Access have code available to use, download, and fork on GitHub. This helps us be more agile in the development of the book, and helps keep the often changing code base of new versions and new technologies as up to date as possible. Unfortunately, however, there will be rare cases when it is not possible for us to have downloadable code samples available until publication.

When we publish the book, the code files will also be available to download from the Packt website.

How accurate is the publication date? Chevron down icon Chevron up icon

The publication date is as accurate as we can be at any point in the project. Unfortunately, delays can happen. Often those delays are out of our control, such as changes to the technology code base or delays in the tech release. We do our best to give you an accurate estimate of the publication date at any given time, and as more chapters are delivered, the more accurate the delivery date will become.

How will I know when new chapters are ready? Chevron down icon Chevron up icon

We'll let you know every time there has been an update to a course that you've bought in Early Access. You'll get an email to let you know there has been a new chapter, or a change to a previous chapter. The new chapters are automatically added to your account, so you can also check back there any time you're ready and download or read them online.

I am a Packt subscriber, do I get Early Access? Chevron down icon Chevron up icon

Yes, all Early Access content is fully available through your subscription. You will need to have a paid for or active trial subscription in order to access all titles.

How is Early Access delivered? Chevron down icon Chevron up icon

Early Access is currently only available as a PDF or through our online reader. As we make changes or add new chapters, the files in your Packt account will be updated so you can download them again or view them online immediately.

How do I buy Early Access content? Chevron down icon Chevron up icon

Early Access is a way of us getting our content to you quicker, but the method of buying the Early Access course is still the same. Just find the course you want to buy, go through the check-out steps, and you’ll get a confirmation email from us with information and a link to the relevant Early Access courses.

What is Early Access? Chevron down icon Chevron up icon

Keeping up to date with the latest technology is difficult; new versions, new frameworks, new techniques. This feature gives you a head-start to our content, as it's being created. With Early Access you'll receive each chapter as it's written, and get regular updates throughout the product's development, as well as the final course as soon as it's ready.We created Early Access as a means of giving you the information you need, as soon as it's available. As we go through the process of developing a course, 99% of it can be ready but we can't publish until that last 1% falls in to place. Early Access helps to unlock the potential of our content early, to help you start your learning when you need it most. You not only get access to every chapter as it's delivered, edited, and updated, but you'll also get the finalized, DRM-free product to download in any format you want when it's published. As a member of Packt, you'll also be eligible for our exclusive offers, including a free course every day, and discounts on new and popular titles.