In this chapter, we will cover Python's math module and the various mathematical functions provided in it. We will also talk about math-related modules, including cryptography and statistics. Specifically, we will discuss the following topics:
- Using the math module's functions and constants
- Working with complex numbers
- Improving decimal numbers
- Increasing accuracy with fractions
- Working with random numbers
- Using the secrets module
- Implementing basic statistics
- Improving functionality with comath
Python uses a hierarchy of abstract base classes to represent number-like classes. While the types defined by the abstract classes cannot be instantiated, they are used to create a numbers tower of subclasses: number -> complex -> real -> rational -> integral.
The reason for this is to allow functions that accept numbers as...
