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Mastering Predictive Analytics with R, Second Edition

You're reading from   Mastering Predictive Analytics with R, Second Edition Machine learning techniques for advanced models

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Product type Paperback
Published in Aug 2017
Publisher Packt
ISBN-13 9781787121393
Length 448 pages
Edition 2nd Edition
Languages
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Authors (2):
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James D. Miller James D. Miller
Author Profile Icon James D. Miller
James D. Miller
Rui Miguel Forte Rui Miguel Forte
Author Profile Icon Rui Miguel Forte
Rui Miguel Forte
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Table of Contents (16) Chapters Close

Preface 1. Gearing Up for Predictive Modeling FREE CHAPTER 2. Tidying Data and Measuring Performance 3. Linear Regression 4. Generalized Linear Models 5. Neural Networks 6. Support Vector Machines 7. Tree-Based Methods 8. Dimensionality Reduction 9. Ensemble Methods 10. Probabilistic Graphical Models 11. Topic Modeling 12. Recommendation Systems 13. Scaling Up 14. Deep Learning Index

Introduction to linear regression


In linear regression, the output variable is predicted by a linearly weighted combination of input features. Here is an example of a simple linear model:

The preceding model essentially says that we are estimating one output, and this is a linear function of a single predictor variable (that is, a feature) denoted by the letter x. The terms involving the Greek letter β are the parameters of the model and are known as regression coefficients. Once we train the model and settle on values for these parameters, we can make a prediction on the output variable for any value of x by a simple substitution in our equation. Another example of a linear model, this time with three features and with values assigned to the regression coefficients, is given by the following equation:

In this equation, just as with the previous one, we can observe that we have one more coefficient than the number of features. This additional coefficient, β0, is known as the intercept and...

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