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Mastering JavaFX 10
Mastering JavaFX 10

Mastering JavaFX 10: Build advanced and visually stunning Java applications

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Mastering JavaFX 10

Building Blocks – Shapes, Text, and Controls

To construct a rich user interface, you need the building blocks. JavaFX provides a large range of very customizable graphical instruments. We'll start from the smallest building blocks—shapes, text, and simple controls—and will use them to understand how JavaFX works with graphical elements.

In this chapter, we will cover the following topics

  • Creating and customizing the shapes
  • Working with text
  • Coordinates and bounds
  • Basic controls

By combining and customizing these Nodes and arranging them using the layout managers we reviewed in the previous chapter, you can already build a sophisticated UI. At the end of the chapter, we'll revisit the Clock application from the previous chapter to demonstrate the topics we learned in a more complex application.

Shapes and their properties

Everything you see on the screen of your computer can be split into three large categories:

  • Shapes
  • Text
  • Images

Thus, by being able to create each of these, you can build any UI in reasonable time. Let's start with JavaFX shapes.

JavaFX shapes overview

The simplest object you can put on a scene is a shape. Under the javafx.scene.shape package, the JavaFX API supports a great range of shapes, from circles and rectangles to polygons and SVG paths. Most shapes can be divided then into two categories—lines and closed shapes. The properties that are shared among all shapes will be covered in the next section. After, we will review each shape's specific APIs.

...

Transformations

JavaFX API supports basic transformations for every Node (and Shape, which extends Node).

Three basic transformations can be used through Node methods:

  • setRotate (double angle): Rotates around the center of the Node
  • setTranslateX (double pixels), setTranslateY (double pixels): Shifts the Node by a set amount of pixels
  • setScaleX (double scale), setScaleY (double scale): Increases (or decreases) the Node by multiplying its horizontal or vertical dimensions by scale

For more complex transformations, the Transform class can be used. It allows us to work precisely with every parameter of the transformation. For example, you can concatenate two transformations into one combined and use two different nodes to save.

Note that through Transform, there are usually more options available. For example, the setRotate() method always uses the center of the shape as a pivot...

Coordinates and bounds

Let's look into determining Shape and Node bounds in Scene and Scenegraph.

The simplest of all are layoutBounds. These rectangular bounds are used for all size and location calculations for this Node, and describe its basic shape size. They don't include any extra effects or transformations.

The next thing is boundsInLocal. These bounds include all information about effects. So, you can determine how large of an area is covered by your Node or Shape.

The last one is boundsInParent. These are bounds after all transformations as well and bounding rectangles uses their parents' coordinate system.

Working with Bounds Demo

There is a very nice public demo by Kishori Sharan that shows how bounds...

Basic Controls

Controls are a special subset of Node objects that were designed to handle user interaction. Most of them allow user input and support focus traversal.

Another difference from Shape is that Control objects are inherited not directly from Node but through the Region interface (like layout managers), which means their size and location are not fixed and can be managed by layout managers.

Button and Event Handlers

The first and most common control is button's family. Button has an EventHandler that is called when Button is clicked (or fired). All code in the event handler is always run on JavaFX Application Thread:

// chapter2/other/ButtonDemo.java
Button btn = new Button();
btn.setText("Say 'Hello...

Clock demo

Let's apply some of the stuff we learned in this Chapter to the Clock demo we started in the previous chapter.

The digital clock is not as fun as an analog one, so let's add hands to it.

We need three hands—hours, minutes, and seconds. We'll use a simple line for the seconds hand and slightly more complex path shapes for the hour and minute ones. For example, here is the path for the minute hand:

Path minuteHand = new Path(
new MoveTo(0, 0),
new LineTo(15, -5),
new LineTo(100,0),
new LineTo(15,5),
new ClosePath());
minuteHand.setFill(Color.DARKGRAY);

This code gives us not the prettiest but a conveniently simple hand. We'll work on making it nicer in following chapters:

To show time, the hand has to rotate. We'll use the Rotate transformation. We need to rotate...

Summary

In this chapter, we've studied a lot of different building blocks for JavaFX applications: shapes, text, and simple controls. Also, we looked at various ways to customize them. With these tools, you can already build a visually rich JavaFX UI.

The only problem is that it will be static, which is not enough for a modern application. In the next two chapters, we will learn about Binding and Animation, which will allow us to develop more dynamic applications.

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Key benefits

  • Leverage advanced GUI programming techniques using the latest JavaFX 10 framework.
  • Create dynamic content using the animation API and work with different application layers
  • Create and customize plugins and use them efficiently in different applications

Description

: JavaFX 10 is used to create media-rich client applications. This book takes you on a journey to use JavaFX 10 to build applications that display information in a high-performance, modern user interface featuring audio, video, graphics, and animation. Mastering JavaFX 10 begins by introducing you to the JavaFX API. You will understand the steps involved in setting up your development environment and build the necessary dependencies. This is followed by exploring how to work with the assets, modules, and APIs of JavaFX. This book is filled with practical examples to guide you through the major features of JavaFX 10. In addition to this, you will acquire a practical understanding of JavaFX custom animations, merging different application layers smoothly, and creating a user-friendly GUI with ease. By the end of the book, you will be able to create a complete, feature-rich Java graphical application using JavaFX.

Who is this book for?

If you’re a Java developer who wants to upgrade to the latest version of JavaFX to create stunning, feature-rich graphical applications, this book is for you. Some basic knowledge of Java programming is necessary to get the most out of this book. prior JavaFX knowledge will help but is not mandatory.

What you will learn

  • •Construct and customize JavaFX windows
  • •Manage UI elements and arrange them on the Scene
  • •Explore the Bindings API and use it to coordinate various UI elements
  • •Use FXML to design amazing FX applications
  • •Write and manage CSS to style your applications
  • •Add audio and video to your projects
  • •Prepare your application to be launched on the target platform
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Publication date : May 31, 2018
Length: 268 pages
Edition : 1st
Language : English
ISBN-13 : 9781788293822
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Length: 268 pages
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ISBN-13 : 9781788293822
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Category :
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Table of Contents

14 Chapters
Stages, Scenes, and Layout Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Building Blocks – Shapes, Text, and Controls Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Connecting Pieces – Binding Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
FXML Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Animation Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Styling Applications with CSS Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Building a Dynamic UI Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Effects Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Media and WebView Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Advanced Controls and Charts Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Packaging with Java9 Jigsaw Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
3D at a Glance Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
What's Next? Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Other Books You May Enjoy Chevron down icon Chevron up icon

Customer reviews

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Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Half star icon Empty star icon 3.8
(9 Ratings)
5 star 55.6%
4 star 11.1%
3 star 11.1%
2 star 0%
1 star 22.2%
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Guenther Bachmann Dec 13, 2023
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon 5
Sehr gutes Buch für Anfänger und Fortgeschrittene
Feefo Verified review Feefo
Debbie Pakzaban Jul 14, 2020
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Empty star icon 4
The book cover photo reflects what's inside: a random collection of gems without much depth or breadth. It is unclear who the intended audience is. If you are new to JavaFx, you are much better off subscribing to one of many online courses and tutorials on the subject. You may even find the book incomprehensible. If you are an advanced JavaFx user, you are probably not going to buy a book on the subject. If you are an intermediate user like me, looking for a comprehensive reference book on JavaFx, this is not it. In spite of its shortcomings, I actually enjoy reading it. I keep it in the bathroom and read a few random pages at a time. Every once in a while, I'll say, "That's cool. I didn't know that." If you are willing to drop 44 bucks on an interesting bathroom read, this is the book for you.
Amazon Verified review Amazon
Sherwin John C. Tragura Mar 12, 2020
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon 5
All JavaFx literatures i read before are not that organized, concrete, and comprehensive as this book. Great book! This helped me with my training lectures.
Amazon Verified review Amazon
Gevaert Jan 11, 2020
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon 5
Enfin un livre clair et didactique sur javaFXIndispensable !
Amazon Verified review Amazon
Atomsk Jan 23, 2019
Full star icon Empty star icon Empty star icon Empty star icon Empty star icon 1
Just a collection of code snippets. Lot of code does not compile as-is. NOT OKAY! Please update your material and make it available to those of us who wasted money on this book.
Amazon Verified review Amazon
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