15.1 What is machine learning?
Consider my complete product browsing and purchase history with an online retailer. This data represents my experience of buying from the seller and their experience selling to me. How can the data and my new purchases help the retailer sell me additional products and services?
Machine learning is a large set of techniques where computer algorithms learn from existing data rather than having hardcoded decisions built into them. Such an algorithm improves its accuracy as it receives new data. It might also get better when humans or processes intervene to judge the correctness and quality of previous results.
In unsupervised learning, an algorithm looks for patterns in the data that may help users gain insight. An unsupervised algorithm may help the retailer see that I have increased interests in cooking, travel, or home repair during certain seasons. The seller can then...