In a cross-platform and .NET Core context, UWP relies on the .NET Framework itself. However, the .NET Framework does implement .NET Standard and, as a result, the portable modules of cross-platform applications can be consumed by UWP applications. In other words, similar to the Xamarin implementation, shared (possibly platform-agnostic) application code can be extracted from UWP applications to leave only the native UI implementation as a UWP-specific module. In return, UWP projects can be included as part of any mobile development endeavour involving .NET Standard and/or Xamarin.
When implementing the native UI, developers have two inherently similar options; depending on the existing project architecture in a Xamarin project, they can create the UWP UI using the native XAML approach (that is, create the user interface within the platform-specific...