Summary

In this chapter, we introduced designing network applications in C++. We started by introducing the basics of networking. Understanding networking completely takes a lot of time, but there are several foundational concepts that every programmer must know before implementing an application in any way related to the network. Those foundational concepts include layering in the OSI model and different kinds of transport protocols, such as TCP and UDP. Understanding the differences between TCP and UDP is necessary for any programmer. As we learned, TCP makes reliable connections between sockets, the next thing a programmer encounters when developing network applications. Those are the connection points of two instances of applications. Whenever we need to send or receive data through a network, we should define a socket and work with it almost as usual with a regular file.

All the abstractions and concepts we use in application development are handled by the OS and, in the end...