At first, identify the exact architecture of the sample; for this purpose, open source tools such as file will work perfectly. Next, check whether this architecture is supported by the most popular reverse engineering tools for static and dynamic analysis. IDA, Ghidra, radare2, and GDB are probably the best candidates for this task because of an impressive amount of architectures supported, very high-quality output, and, in some cases, the ability to perform both static and dynamic analysis in one place:
The ability to do debugging may drastically speed up the analysis, so it makes sense to check whether it is possible for the required architecture. This may involve running a sample on the physical machine or an emulator such as QEMU and connecting to it locally or remotely. Check for native architecture debugging tools; is it GDB or maybe something else? Some engineers prefer to use...
