Java processes 

As you may have already guessed, JVM does not know anything about the Java language and source code. It only knows how to read bytecode. It reads the bytecode and other information from .class files, transforms (interprets) the bytecode into a sequence of binary code instructions that are specific to the current platform (where JVM is running), and passes the resulting binary code to the microprocessor that executes it. When talking about this transformation, programmers often refer to it as a Java process or just process.

The JVM is often referred to as a JVM instance. This is because every time a java command is executed, a new instance of JVM is launched that’s dedicated to running the particular application as a separate process with its own allocated memory (the size of the memory is set as a default value or passed in as a command option). Inside this Java process, multiple threads are running, each with its own allocated memory. Some are service...