Besides the techniques we have covered so far, there are numerous other problem-solving and optimization techniques that draw their inspiration from the Darwinian evolution theory, as well as from various biological systems and behaviors. The following subsections briefly describe several more of these techniques.
Other related techniques
Evolution strategies
Evolution strategies (ES) are a kind of genetic algorithm that emphasizes mutation rather than crossover as the evolutionary facilitator. The mutation is adaptive, and its strength is learned over the generations. The selection operator in evolution strategy is always rank-based rather than done using actual fitness values. A simple version of this technique is called...
