Formatting your output with I/O stream manipulators
In many cases, just printing out strings and numbers is not enough. Sometimes, numbers need to be printed as decimal numbers, sometimes as hexadecimal, and sometimes even as octal. Sometimes we want to see a "0x" prefix in front of hexadecimal numbers, sometimes not.
When printing floating-point numbers, there are also a lot of things we may want to have an influence on. Should the decimal values always be printed with the same precision? Should they be printed at all? Or perhaps, we want a scientific notation?
Apart from scientific presentation and hexadecimal, octal, and so on, we also want to present the user output in a tidy form. Some output can be arranged in tables, for example, in order to make it as readable as possible.
All these things are, of course, possible with output streams. Some of these settings are also important when parsing values from input streams. In this recipe, we will get a feeling of such so-called I/O manipulators...
