Search icon CANCEL
Subscription
0
Cart icon
Your Cart (0 item)
Close icon
You have no products in your basket yet
Arrow left icon
Explore Products
Best Sellers
New Releases
Books
Videos
Audiobooks
Learning Hub
Conferences
Free Learning
Arrow right icon
Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning Fundamentals
Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning Fundamentals

Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning Fundamentals: Develop real-world applications powered by the latest AI advances

eBook
$9.99 $25.99
Paperback
$32.99
Subscription
Free Trial
Renews at $19.99p/m

What do you get with Print?

Product feature icon Instant access to your digital eBook copy whilst your Print order is Shipped
Product feature icon Paperback book shipped to your preferred address
Product feature icon Download this book in EPUB and PDF formats
Product feature icon Access this title in our online reader with advanced features
Product feature icon DRM FREE - Read whenever, wherever and however you want
OR
Modal Close icon
Payment Processing...
tick Completed

Shipping Address

Billing Address

Shipping Methods
Table of content icon View table of contents Preview book icon Preview Book

Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning Fundamentals

Introduction


In the previous lesson, we understood the significance of an intelligent agent. We also examined the game states for a game AI. In this lesson, we will focus on how to create and introduce intelligence into an agent.

We will look at reducing the number of states in the state space and analyze the stages that a game board can undergo and make the environment work in such a way that we win. By the end of this lesson, we will have a Tic-Tac-Toe player who never loses a match.

Exercise 4: Teaching the Agent to Win

In this exercise, we will see how the steps needed to win can be reduced. We will be making the agent that we developed in the previous lesson detect situations where it can win a game. Compare the number of possible states to the random play as an example.

  1. We will be defining two functions, ai_move and all_moves_from_board. We will create ai_move so that it returns a move that will consider its own previous moves. If the game can be won in that move, ai_move will select...

Heuristics


In this topic, we will formalize informed search techniques by defining and applying heuristics to guide our search.

Uninformed and Informed Search

In the Tic-Tac-Toe example, we implemented a greedy algorithm that first focused on winning, and then focused on not losing. When it comes to winning the game immediately, the greedy algorithm is optimal, because there is never a better step than winning the game. When it comes to not losing, it matters how we avoid the loss. Our algorithm simply chose a random safe move without considering how many winning opportunities we have created.

Breadth First Search and Depth First Search are uninform, because they consider all possible states in the game. An informed search explores the space of available states intelligently.

Creating Heuristics

If we want to make better decisions, we apply heuristics to guide the search in the right direction by considering longer-term utility. This way, we can make a more informed decision in the present...

Pathfinding with the A* Algorithm


In the first two topics, we learned how to define an intelligent agent, and how to create a heuristic that guides the agent toward a desired state. We learned that this was not perfect, because at times we ignored a few winning states in favor of a few losing states.

We will now learn a structured and optimal approach so that we can execute a search for finding the shortest path between the current state and the goal state: the A* ("A star" instead of "A asterisk") algorithm:

Figure 2.3: Finding the shortest path in a maze

For a human, it is simple to find the shortest path, by merely looking at the image. We can conclude that there are two potential candidates for the shortest path: route one starts upwards, and route two starts to the left. However, the AI does not know about these options. In fact, the most logical first step for a computer player would be moving to the square denoted by the number 3 in the following diagram:

Why? Because this is the only...

Game AI with the Minmax Algorithm and Alpha-Beta Pruning


In the first two topics, we saw how hard it was to create a winning strategy for a simple game such as Tic-Tac-Toe. The last topic introduced a few structures for solving search problems with the A* algorithm. We also saw that tools such as the simpleai library help us reduce the effort we put in to describe a task with code.

We will use all of this knowledge to supercharge our game AI skills and solve more complex problems.

Search Algorithms for Turn-Based Multiplayer Games

Turn-based multiplayer games such as Tic-Tac-Toe are similar to pathfinding problems. We have an initial state, and we have a set of end states, where we win the game.

The challenge with turn-based multiplayer games is the combinatoric explosion of the opponent's possible moves. This difference justifies treating turn-based games differently than a regular pathfinding problem.

For instance, in the Tic-Tac-Toe game, from an empty board, we can select one of the nine...

Summary


In this lesson, we learned how to apply search techniques to play games.

First, we created a static approach that played the Tic-Tac-Toe game based on predefined rules without looking ahead. Then, we quantified these rules into a number we called heuristics. In the next topic, we learned how to use heuristics in the A* search algorithm to find an optimal solution to a problem.

Finally, we got to know the Minmax and the NegaMax algorithms so that the AI could win two-player games.

Now that you know the fundamentals of writing game AI, it is time to learn about a different field within artificial intelligence: machine learning. In the next lesson, you will learn about regression.

Summary

In this chapter, we learned how to apply search techniques to play games.

First, we created a static approach that played the Tic-Tac-Toe game based on predefined rules without looking ahead. Then, we quantified these rules into a number we called heuristics. In the next topic, we learned how to use heuristics in the A* search algorithm to find an optimal solution to a problem.

Finally, we got to know the Minmax and the NegaMax algorithms so that the AI could win two-player games.

Now that you know the fundamentals of writing game AI, it is time to learn about a different field within artificial intelligence: machine learning. In the next chapter, you will learn about regression.

Left arrow icon Right arrow icon

Key benefits

  • Practical examples that explain key machine learning algorithms
  • Explore neural networks in detail with interesting examples
  • Master core AI concepts with engaging activities

Description

Machine learning and neural networks are pillars on which you can build intelligent applications. Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning Fundamentals begins by introducing you to Python and discussing AI search algorithms. You will cover in-depth mathematical topics, such as regression and classification, illustrated by Python examples. As you make your way through the book, you will progress to advanced AI techniques and concepts, and work on real-life datasets to form decision trees and clusters. You will be introduced to neural networks, a powerful tool based on Moore's law. By the end of this book, you will be confident when it comes to building your own AI applications with your newly acquired skills!

Who is this book for?

Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning Fundamentals is for software developers and data scientists who want to enrich their projects with machine learning. You do not need any prior experience in AI. However, it’s recommended that you have knowledge of high school-level mathematics and at least one programming language (preferably Python).

What you will learn

  • Understand the importance, principles, and fields of AI
  • Implement basic artificial intelligence concepts with Python
  • Apply regression and classification concepts to real-world problems
  • Perform predictive analysis using decision trees and random forests
  • Carry out clustering using the k-means and mean shift algorithms
  • Understand the fundamentals of deep learning via practical examples
Estimated delivery fee Deliver to Japan

Standard delivery 10 - 13 business days

$8.95

Premium delivery 3 - 6 business days

$34.95
(Includes tracking information)

Product Details

Country selected
Publication date, Length, Edition, Language, ISBN-13
Publication date : Dec 12, 2018
Length: 330 pages
Edition : 1st
Language : English
ISBN-13 : 9781789801651
Vendor :
Google
Category :
Languages :
Tools :

What do you get with Print?

Product feature icon Instant access to your digital eBook copy whilst your Print order is Shipped
Product feature icon Paperback book shipped to your preferred address
Product feature icon Download this book in EPUB and PDF formats
Product feature icon Access this title in our online reader with advanced features
Product feature icon DRM FREE - Read whenever, wherever and however you want
OR
Modal Close icon
Payment Processing...
tick Completed

Shipping Address

Billing Address

Shipping Methods
Estimated delivery fee Deliver to Japan

Standard delivery 10 - 13 business days

$8.95

Premium delivery 3 - 6 business days

$34.95
(Includes tracking information)

Product Details

Publication date : Dec 12, 2018
Length: 330 pages
Edition : 1st
Language : English
ISBN-13 : 9781789801651
Vendor :
Google
Category :
Languages :
Tools :

Packt Subscriptions

See our plans and pricing
Modal Close icon
$19.99 billed monthly
Feature tick icon Unlimited access to Packt's library of 7,000+ practical books and videos
Feature tick icon Constantly refreshed with 50+ new titles a month
Feature tick icon Exclusive Early access to books as they're written
Feature tick icon Solve problems while you work with advanced search and reference features
Feature tick icon Offline reading on the mobile app
Feature tick icon Simple pricing, no contract
$199.99 billed annually
Feature tick icon Unlimited access to Packt's library of 7,000+ practical books and videos
Feature tick icon Constantly refreshed with 50+ new titles a month
Feature tick icon Exclusive Early access to books as they're written
Feature tick icon Solve problems while you work with advanced search and reference features
Feature tick icon Offline reading on the mobile app
Feature tick icon Choose a DRM-free eBook or Video every month to keep
Feature tick icon PLUS own as many other DRM-free eBooks or Videos as you like for just $5 each
Feature tick icon Exclusive print discounts
$279.99 billed in 18 months
Feature tick icon Unlimited access to Packt's library of 7,000+ practical books and videos
Feature tick icon Constantly refreshed with 50+ new titles a month
Feature tick icon Exclusive Early access to books as they're written
Feature tick icon Solve problems while you work with advanced search and reference features
Feature tick icon Offline reading on the mobile app
Feature tick icon Choose a DRM-free eBook or Video every month to keep
Feature tick icon PLUS own as many other DRM-free eBooks or Videos as you like for just $5 each
Feature tick icon Exclusive print discounts

Frequently bought together


Stars icon
Total $ 125.97
Hands-On Image Processing with Python
$48.99
Data Science Algorithms in a Week
$43.99
Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning Fundamentals
$32.99
Total $ 125.97 Stars icon
Banner background image

Table of Contents

7 Chapters
Principles of Artificial Intelligence Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
AI with Search Techniques and Games Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Regression Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Classification Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Using Trees for Predictive Analysis Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Clustering Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Deep Learning with Neural Networks Chevron down icon Chevron up icon

Customer reviews

Top Reviews
Rating distribution
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Half star icon 4.3
(110 Ratings)
5 star 60%
4 star 21.8%
3 star 11.8%
2 star 1.8%
1 star 4.5%
Filter icon Filter
Top Reviews

Filter reviews by




Sonko May 31, 2019
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon 5
Disclaimer: I got a promotional copy. It is a great book, and provides a great start in you are trying to get into this sort of thing.
Amazon Verified review Amazon
Chandrakesh Shukla Feb 05, 2023
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon 5
Udemy Verified review Udemy
Monika Gupta Feb 05, 2023
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon 5
very good
Udemy Verified review Udemy
Ali Zulu Jan 13, 2023
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon 5
Udemy Verified review Udemy
Ashok Kumar Goyal Jan 12, 2023
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon 5
Udemy Verified review Udemy
Get free access to Packt library with over 7500+ books and video courses for 7 days!
Start Free Trial

FAQs

What is the delivery time and cost of print book? Chevron down icon Chevron up icon

Shipping Details

USA:

'

Economy: Delivery to most addresses in the US within 10-15 business days

Premium: Trackable Delivery to most addresses in the US within 3-8 business days

UK:

Economy: Delivery to most addresses in the U.K. within 7-9 business days.
Shipments are not trackable

Premium: Trackable delivery to most addresses in the U.K. within 3-4 business days!
Add one extra business day for deliveries to Northern Ireland and Scottish Highlands and islands

EU:

Premium: Trackable delivery to most EU destinations within 4-9 business days.

Australia:

Economy: Can deliver to P. O. Boxes and private residences.
Trackable service with delivery to addresses in Australia only.
Delivery time ranges from 7-9 business days for VIC and 8-10 business days for Interstate metro
Delivery time is up to 15 business days for remote areas of WA, NT & QLD.

Premium: Delivery to addresses in Australia only
Trackable delivery to most P. O. Boxes and private residences in Australia within 4-5 days based on the distance to a destination following dispatch.

India:

Premium: Delivery to most Indian addresses within 5-6 business days

Rest of the World:

Premium: Countries in the American continent: Trackable delivery to most countries within 4-7 business days

Asia:

Premium: Delivery to most Asian addresses within 5-9 business days

Disclaimer:
All orders received before 5 PM U.K time would start printing from the next business day. So the estimated delivery times start from the next day as well. Orders received after 5 PM U.K time (in our internal systems) on a business day or anytime on the weekend will begin printing the second to next business day. For example, an order placed at 11 AM today will begin printing tomorrow, whereas an order placed at 9 PM tonight will begin printing the day after tomorrow.


Unfortunately, due to several restrictions, we are unable to ship to the following countries:

  1. Afghanistan
  2. American Samoa
  3. Belarus
  4. Brunei Darussalam
  5. Central African Republic
  6. The Democratic Republic of Congo
  7. Eritrea
  8. Guinea-bissau
  9. Iran
  10. Lebanon
  11. Libiya Arab Jamahriya
  12. Somalia
  13. Sudan
  14. Russian Federation
  15. Syrian Arab Republic
  16. Ukraine
  17. Venezuela
What is custom duty/charge? Chevron down icon Chevron up icon

Customs duty are charges levied on goods when they cross international borders. It is a tax that is imposed on imported goods. These duties are charged by special authorities and bodies created by local governments and are meant to protect local industries, economies, and businesses.

Do I have to pay customs charges for the print book order? Chevron down icon Chevron up icon

The orders shipped to the countries that are listed under EU27 will not bear custom charges. They are paid by Packt as part of the order.

List of EU27 countries: www.gov.uk/eu-eea:

A custom duty or localized taxes may be applicable on the shipment and would be charged by the recipient country outside of the EU27 which should be paid by the customer and these duties are not included in the shipping charges been charged on the order.

How do I know my custom duty charges? Chevron down icon Chevron up icon

The amount of duty payable varies greatly depending on the imported goods, the country of origin and several other factors like the total invoice amount or dimensions like weight, and other such criteria applicable in your country.

For example:

  • If you live in Mexico, and the declared value of your ordered items is over $ 50, for you to receive a package, you will have to pay additional import tax of 19% which will be $ 9.50 to the courier service.
  • Whereas if you live in Turkey, and the declared value of your ordered items is over € 22, for you to receive a package, you will have to pay additional import tax of 18% which will be € 3.96 to the courier service.
How can I cancel my order? Chevron down icon Chevron up icon

Cancellation Policy for Published Printed Books:

You can cancel any order within 1 hour of placing the order. Simply contact customercare@packt.com with your order details or payment transaction id. If your order has already started the shipment process, we will do our best to stop it. However, if it is already on the way to you then when you receive it, you can contact us at customercare@packt.com using the returns and refund process.

Please understand that Packt Publishing cannot provide refunds or cancel any order except for the cases described in our Return Policy (i.e. Packt Publishing agrees to replace your printed book because it arrives damaged or material defect in book), Packt Publishing will not accept returns.

What is your returns and refunds policy? Chevron down icon Chevron up icon

Return Policy:

We want you to be happy with your purchase from Packtpub.com. We will not hassle you with returning print books to us. If the print book you receive from us is incorrect, damaged, doesn't work or is unacceptably late, please contact Customer Relations Team on customercare@packt.com with the order number and issue details as explained below:

  1. If you ordered (eBook, Video or Print Book) incorrectly or accidentally, please contact Customer Relations Team on customercare@packt.com within one hour of placing the order and we will replace/refund you the item cost.
  2. Sadly, if your eBook or Video file is faulty or a fault occurs during the eBook or Video being made available to you, i.e. during download then you should contact Customer Relations Team within 14 days of purchase on customercare@packt.com who will be able to resolve this issue for you.
  3. You will have a choice of replacement or refund of the problem items.(damaged, defective or incorrect)
  4. Once Customer Care Team confirms that you will be refunded, you should receive the refund within 10 to 12 working days.
  5. If you are only requesting a refund of one book from a multiple order, then we will refund you the appropriate single item.
  6. Where the items were shipped under a free shipping offer, there will be no shipping costs to refund.

On the off chance your printed book arrives damaged, with book material defect, contact our Customer Relation Team on customercare@packt.com within 14 days of receipt of the book with appropriate evidence of damage and we will work with you to secure a replacement copy, if necessary. Please note that each printed book you order from us is individually made by Packt's professional book-printing partner which is on a print-on-demand basis.

What tax is charged? Chevron down icon Chevron up icon

Currently, no tax is charged on the purchase of any print book (subject to change based on the laws and regulations). A localized VAT fee is charged only to our European and UK customers on eBooks, Video and subscriptions that they buy. GST is charged to Indian customers for eBooks and video purchases.

What payment methods can I use? Chevron down icon Chevron up icon

You can pay with the following card types:

  1. Visa Debit
  2. Visa Credit
  3. MasterCard
  4. PayPal
What is the delivery time and cost of print books? Chevron down icon Chevron up icon

Shipping Details

USA:

'

Economy: Delivery to most addresses in the US within 10-15 business days

Premium: Trackable Delivery to most addresses in the US within 3-8 business days

UK:

Economy: Delivery to most addresses in the U.K. within 7-9 business days.
Shipments are not trackable

Premium: Trackable delivery to most addresses in the U.K. within 3-4 business days!
Add one extra business day for deliveries to Northern Ireland and Scottish Highlands and islands

EU:

Premium: Trackable delivery to most EU destinations within 4-9 business days.

Australia:

Economy: Can deliver to P. O. Boxes and private residences.
Trackable service with delivery to addresses in Australia only.
Delivery time ranges from 7-9 business days for VIC and 8-10 business days for Interstate metro
Delivery time is up to 15 business days for remote areas of WA, NT & QLD.

Premium: Delivery to addresses in Australia only
Trackable delivery to most P. O. Boxes and private residences in Australia within 4-5 days based on the distance to a destination following dispatch.

India:

Premium: Delivery to most Indian addresses within 5-6 business days

Rest of the World:

Premium: Countries in the American continent: Trackable delivery to most countries within 4-7 business days

Asia:

Premium: Delivery to most Asian addresses within 5-9 business days

Disclaimer:
All orders received before 5 PM U.K time would start printing from the next business day. So the estimated delivery times start from the next day as well. Orders received after 5 PM U.K time (in our internal systems) on a business day or anytime on the weekend will begin printing the second to next business day. For example, an order placed at 11 AM today will begin printing tomorrow, whereas an order placed at 9 PM tonight will begin printing the day after tomorrow.


Unfortunately, due to several restrictions, we are unable to ship to the following countries:

  1. Afghanistan
  2. American Samoa
  3. Belarus
  4. Brunei Darussalam
  5. Central African Republic
  6. The Democratic Republic of Congo
  7. Eritrea
  8. Guinea-bissau
  9. Iran
  10. Lebanon
  11. Libiya Arab Jamahriya
  12. Somalia
  13. Sudan
  14. Russian Federation
  15. Syrian Arab Republic
  16. Ukraine
  17. Venezuela