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Mastering Ninject for Dependency Injection
Mastering Ninject for Dependency Injection

Mastering Ninject for Dependency Injection: For .NET developers and architects, this is the ultimate guide to the principles of Dependency Injection and how to use the automating features of Ninject in the most effective way. Packed with examples, diagrams, and illustrations.

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Mastering Ninject for Dependency Injection

Chapter 2. Getting Started with Ninject

This chapter teaches the user how to add Ninject to a practical project and use the basic features of this framework. The chapter starts with an example demonstrating how to setup and use Ninject in a Hello World project. Then, we will talk about how Ninject resolves dependencies and how it manages object lifetime. Final sections of this chapter will cover code-based configuration using Ninject modules and XML-based configuration using an XML file. By the end of this chapter, the user will be able to setup and use basic features of Ninject.

The topics covered in this chapter are:

  • Hello Ninject!

  • It's all about Binding

  • Object Lifetime

  • Ninject modules

  • XML configuration

  • Convention over configuration

Hello Ninject!


Although DI is for complex projects, and applying it to a simple project looks like over-engineering, a Hello World project should usually be as simple as possible to show only how a framework works. This project helps us understand how to setup Ninject and run it in the simplest way. So, if you have already used Ninject and are familiar with this process, you can skip this section and continue reading the next one.

  1. The first step to setup Ninject is to download Ninject library. You can do it either using NuGet or by downloading the binary file. If you have NuGet package manager, create a new Console Application project in Visual Studio, and then simply search for Ninject in NuGet UI to install the package, as the following figure illustrates. Alternatively, you can type install-package Ninject, and then press enter in the Packet Manager Console located at View | Other Windows menu. Once the installation of Ninject package is finished, jump to step 5. If you don't have NuGet...

It's all about Binding


In Chapter 1, Understanding Dependency Injection, we implemented DI manually in the MailService class. You remember that we ignored the configuration of SmtpClient to simplify the project. Now, we are going to add the configuration of SmtpClient and implement DI using Ninject.

Let's start by creating the MailConfig class:

class MailServerConfig
{
  public string SmtpServer
  {
    get
    {
      return ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["SmtpServer"];
    }
  }

  public int SmtpPort
  {
    get
    {
      var port = ConfigurationManager
      .AppSettings["SmtpPort"];
      return Convert.ToInt32(port);
    }
  }

public string SenderEmail
{
    get
    {
      return ConfigurationManager 
      .AppSettings["SenderEmail"];
    }
  }

public string SenderPassword
  {
    get
    {
    return ConfigurationManager
    .AppSettings["SenderPassword"];
    }
  }
}

Now, we can update the MailService class and incorporate MailServiceConfig:

class MailService
{
  private ILogger...

Object Lifetime


One of the responsibilities of a DI container is to manage the lifetime of objects that it creates. It should decide when to create a new instance of the given type and when to use an existing instance. It should also take care of disposing of objects when they are not used anymore. Ninject has a strong support for managing Object Lifetime in different situations. Whenever we define a binding, we can declare the scope of the object instance being created. Within that scope, the object instance will be reused and exist exactly once for each binding. Note that an object is not allowed to have a dependency on an object with shorter lifetime.

Transient scope

In Transient scope, the object lifetime is not managed by Ninject. Whenever we request an instance of a type, a new one will be created. Ninject doesn't take care of keeping the created instance or disposing of it in this scope. This is the default object scope in Ninject. If no scope is explicitly specified, they are transient...

Ninject modules


As our application grows, the list of service registrations gets longer, and it would be difficult to manage this list. Ninject modules are a good way to segregate our type bindings into distinct groups of bindings, which can be easily organized into separate files. Minimum requirement for a class to be accepted as a Ninject module is to implement the INinjectModule interface. Implementing this interface requires us to implement three methods and two properties each time we need to create a module. It is a good idea to implement this interface as an abstract class once, and extend it whenever we need to create a Ninject module. The good news is that Ninject has already implemented this abstract class, which is named NinjectModule.

Here is how to register our MailService classes in a module:

class MailServiceModule: NinjectModule
{
public override void Load()
  {
    Bind<ILogger>().To<ConsoleLogger>().InSingletonScope();
    Bind<MailServerConfig>().ToSelf...

XML configuration


Ninject supports both code-based and XML configuration. An XML module is like a code module that consists of a list of type registrations via Ninject binding. All bindings can be defined in a single XML document or segregated into multiple documents. The only advantage of using XML modules over code modules is that once we have composed such a document, we can still change our type registrations without having to recompile any part of the application. However, XML modules are not as powerful as code modules; so it is recommended to use code modules unless we need this feature. Even in this case, we can only include those bindings for which we need to change the configuration at runtime in our XML module and keep other bindings in code modules.

How to use XML configuration

In order to use XML configuration, we need to add a reference to the Ninject XML extension. It can be added either by installing Ninject.Extensions.Xml via NuGet package manager or by downloading the binary...

Convention over configuration


It is not difficult to register a few service types, one by one in a small application. But what about a production application with hundreds of services which should be wired to their implementations?

Convention-based configuration allows us to bind a group of services using a convention rather than defining individual bindings for each of them. For example, you can simply ask Ninject to bind all components to their base interfaces like this:

kernel.Bind(r => r
  .FromThisAssembly()
  .SelectAllClasses()
  .BindAllInterfaces());

In order to take advantage of the Convention based configuration, we should add refererence to the Ninject's Conventions extension. We can either use NuGet to install Ninject.Extensions.Conventions or download the binary file from GitHub. We also need to add Ninject.Extensions.Conventions to the using section of our code to make the previous syntax available.

As the syntax indicates, registering a convention-based binding at least consists...

Summary


Ninject uses its binding system to map abstract services to concrete types. The core object of Ninject to which we give a service type and get the concrete service is Ninject kernel. Ninject uses the object scopes to deal with Lifetime of the created objects. We can use the predefined scopes or create our custom scopes to define the lifetime of objects created by Ninject. Ninject supports both code-based and XML-based configurations for registering service types. Although XML modules can be modified without having to compile the application, code modules are more powerful and recommended. Instead of registering each service individually, we usually use conventions to register a group of services at a time.

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Key benefits

  • Create loosely coupled applications by implementing dependency injection using Ninject
  • Learn how to design an enterprise application so as to maximize its maintainability, extensibility and testability
  • Automate the process of dealing with the dependencies of your application and object lifetimes
  • Address the cross-cutting concerns of your applications in the easiest way
  • Full of real-life, step-by-step examples and clear code samples

Description

Dependency injection is an approach to creating loosely coupled applications. Maintainability, testability, and extensibility are just a few advantages of loose coupling. Ninject is a software library which automates almost everything that we need in order to implement a dependency injection pattern. Mastering Ninject for Dependency Injection will teach you everything you need to know in order to implement dependency injection using Ninject in a real-life project. Not only does it teach you about Ninject core framework features that are essential for implementing dependency injection, but it also explores the power of Ninject's most useful extensions and demonstrates how to apply them. Mastering Ninject for Dependency Injection starts by introducing you to dependency injection and what it's meant for with the help of sufficient examples. Eventually, you'll learn how to integrate Ninject into your practical project and how to use its basic features. Also, you will go through scenarios wherein advanced features of Ninject, such as Multi-binding, Contextual binding, providers, factories and so on, come into play. As you progress, Mastering Ninject for Dependency Injection will show you how to create a multilayer application that demonstrates the use of Ninject on different application types such as MVC, WPF, WCF, and so on. Finally, you will learn the benefits of using the powerful extensions of Ninject.

Who is this book for?

Mastering Ninject for Dependency Injection is aimed at software developers and architects who wish to create maintainable, extensible, testable, and loosely coupled applications. Since Ninject targets the .NET platform, this book is not suitable for software developers of other platforms. Being familiar with design patterns such as singleton or factory would be beneficial, but no knowledge of dependency injection or IoC is assumed.

What you will learn

  • Understand dependency injection, how it is different from similar patterns such as inversion of control, and the problems that it addresses
  • Set up Ninject in an application and configure it either using XML or programmatically
  • Learn how to control object life-time by configuring object scopes
  • Wire up abstract service types to concrete implementations using bindings
  • Create plugins to add new features to compiled applications dynamically
  • Use Ninject in different application types such as Win Forms, Web Forms, WPF, Silverlight, ASP.NET MVC, and WCF
  • Inject common loggers such as log4net and NLog automatically into application components
  • Test application units and automate the injection of mock objects by integrating Ninject with common mock frameworks (for example Moq or Rhino Mock)
  • Register hundreds of bindings in a single line of code using the Convention configuration
  • Inject the implementation of cross-cutting concerns such as logging, exception handling, or caching by interception
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Length: 142 pages
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Table of Contents

5 Chapters
Understanding Dependency Injection Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Getting Started with Ninject Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Meeting Real-world Requirements Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Ninject in Action Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Doing More with Extensions Chevron down icon Chevron up icon

Customer reviews

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Rating distribution
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Half star icon 4.2
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4 star 26.7%
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2 star 13.3%
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Albertazzi Angelo Feb 23, 2016
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon 5
Very good intro to DI and very useful theory on Ninject. It cleared out some doubts I had. Very well written. Thanks
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Mostafa Jan 02, 2014
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon 5
This is a very useful book, even for someone who just started to use the Dependency Injection approach. All the basic concepts are explained in detail with good examples. And this is a very straightforward way to using Ninject concepts.Very good.Very focused.
Amazon Verified review Amazon
Pourfard Apr 16, 2015
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon 5
I've been using dependency injection for years. this book gives you a deep understanding about the core concept and principles. as well as many good real world examples of how to use Ninect properly. also for those who are not familiar with IOC or ependency injection this book is the best choice for them. the author tries to explain the benefits of dependency injection and IOC in a very good way with some examples then right after you understand the need of using dependency injection, it starts to explain the features of Ninject with excellent real world examples. I personally don't like the authors who over explain everything so I think 140 pages is enough and the author doesn't waste your time.
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Victor Ml Espiritu Sep 16, 2016
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Excellent.
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bevans Mar 06, 2015
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I think this is an awesome book. Good introduction to all the areas of Ninject backed up with the documentation on GitHub and a toy program and I feel like I have a handle on some of the more powerful capabilities of Ninject. For example, understanding Dynamic Interception unlocks a lot of AOP scenarios for a code base I am currently working on. Full Disclosure: I am reading this via Safari.
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