The net package

The starting point for all networked programs in Go is the net package (https://golang.org/pkg/net). It provides a rich API to handle low-level networking primitives as well as application-level protocols such as HTTP. Each logical component of a network is represented by a Go type including hardware interfaces, networks, packets, addresses, protocols, and connections. Furthermore, each type exposes a multitude of methods giving Go one of the most complete standard libraries for network programming supporting both IPv4 and IPv6.

Whether creating a client or a server program, Go programmers will need, at a minimum, the network primitives covered in the following sections. These primitives are offered as functions and types to facilitate clients connecting to remote services and servers to handle incoming requests.

Addressing

One of the basic primitives, when doing network programming, is the address. The types and functions of the net package use a string literal to represent...