RDFa and Microdata

One of HTML5's primary goals was to provide a more semantic web, replacing all the <div> and other elements with their class and ID attributes with better-suited elements, such as <article>, <section>, <nav>, and others. In doing that, it was intended to achieve a more semantic document, but what does it mean exactly? In Tim Berners-Lee's own words "the Web will be a place where the whim of a human being and the reasoning of a machine coexist in an ideal, powerful mixture".

This basically means that by creating a more structured web, machines will also be able to understand it and put it into a relative context. Let's identify some real-world examples as follows:

• A pre-HTML5 website might have used the <input type="text"/> element to specify a text field for users to provide their phone number. While a desktop user would not mind this, mobile users would find it quite annoying to fill such a field using the full keyboard. Furthermore, on most...