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Django 5 for the Impatient
Django 5 for the Impatient

Django 5 for the Impatient : Learn the core concepts of Django to develop Python web applications , Second Edition

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Django 5 for the Impatient

Understanding the Project Structure and Creating Our First App

Django projects contain a predefined structure with some key folders and files. In this chapter, we will discuss the Django project structure and how some of those folders and files are used to configure our web applications. Furthermore, Django projects are composed of one or more apps. We will learn how to create a “home” app, composed of “home” and “about” sections, and how to register it inside our Django project.

In this chapter, we will cover the following topics:

  • Understanding the project structure
  • Creating our first app
  • Creating a home page
  • Creating an about page

With all of these topics completed, you will know how to create Django apps and web pages.

Technical requirements

In this chapter, we will be using Python 3.10+. Additionally, we will be using the Visual Studio (VS) Code editor in this book, which you can download from https://code.visualstudio.com/.

The code for this chapter is located at https://github.com/PacktPublishing/Django-5-for-the-Impatient-Second-Edition/tree/main/Chapter02/moviesstore.

The CiA video for this chapter can be found at https://packt.link/rzU25

Understanding the project structure

Let’s look at the project files that were created for us in Chapter 1, in the Creating and running a Django project section. Open the moviesstore project folder in VS Code. You will see the elements shown in Figure 2.1:

Figure 2.1 – The MOVIESSTORE directory structure

Figure 2.1 – The MOVIESSTORE directory structure

Let’s learn about each of these elements.

The moviesstore folder

As you can see in Figure 2.1, there is a folder with the same name as the folder we opened in VS Code originally – moviesstore. The moviesstore folder contains a set of files to configure the Django project. Figure 2.2 shows the content of the moviesstore folder:

Figure 2.2 – The moviesstore folder content structure

Figure 2.2 – The moviesstore folder content structure

Let’s briefly look at all the elements under the moviesstore folder:

  • __pycache__: This folder stores compiled bytecode when we generate our project. You can largely ignore this folder. Its purpose...

Creating our first app

A Django app is a self-contained package of code that performs a specific functionality or serves a particular purpose within a Django project.

A single Django project can contain one or more apps that work together to power a web application. Django uses the concept of projects and apps to keep code clean and readable.

For example, on a movie review site such as Rotten Tomatoes, as shown in Figure 2.4, we can have an app for listing movies, an app for listing news, an app for payments, an app for user authentication, and so on:

Figure 2.4 – The Rotten Tomatoes website

Figure 2.4 – The Rotten Tomatoes website

Apps in Django are like pieces of a website. You can create an entire website with one single app, but it is useful to break it up into different apps, each representing a clear function.

Our Movies Store site will begin with one app. We will later add more as we progress. To add an app, in the Terminal, stop the server by pressing Cmd+ C. Navigate...

Creating a home page

Creating a simple page or section in Django usually involves three steps:

  1. Configure a URL.
  2. Define a view function or class.
  3. Create a template.

Let’s see how to apply those steps to create a simple “home” page that will display a “welcome” message to the final user.

Configuring an URL

Django URLs (Uniform Resource Locators) are patterns used to map incoming HTTP requests to the appropriate view functions or classes that handle those requests. They define the routing mechanism for your Django project, specifying which views should be called for different URLs.

There is a main URL configuration file located at /moviesstore/urls.py that currently has the following code:

…
from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path
urlpatterns = [
    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
]

When a user types a URL (related to our Django application) in the browser...

Creating an about page

Now that we learned how to create a simple page, let’s repeat the process to create the about page. We will follow these three steps:

  1. Configure the about URL.
  2. Define the about function.
  3. Create the about template.

Let’s start.

Configuring the about URL

In /home/urls.py, add the following path in bold:

from django.urls import path
from . import views
urlpatterns = [
    path('', views.index, name='home.index'),
    path('about', views.about, name='home.about'),
]

So, if a URL matches the /about path, it will execute the about function defined in the views file.

Defining about function

In /home/views.py, add the following in bold:

from django.shortcuts import render
def index(request):
    return render(request, 'home/index.html')
def about(request):
    return render(request, ...

Summary

In this chapter, we discussed the Django project structure. We analyzed some of the most important project folders, files, and their functionalities. We saw how a web project can be composed of several applications, and we learned how to create a Django app. We also learned how URLs, views, and templates connect to create web pages. We created a couple of pages and loaded them into our local web server. In the next chapter, we will see how to improve the look and feel of our Django applications by using base templates and a CSS framework.

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Key benefits

  • Develop web applications with Python and Django quickly
  • Understand Django features with concise explanations and learn how to use them in a practical way
  • Create a movie store app with a responsive user interface and deploy it to the cloud
  • Purchase of the print or Kindle book includes a free PDF eBook

Description

Learning Django can be a challenging and time-consuming activity without the right guidance. With hundreds of tutorials, loads of documentation, and unclear explanations out there, it’s easy to lose sight of what’s most important. This book stands out by teaching you how to use Django in just a few days with a focused approach. In this second edition, you’ll go on a fun, practical, and pragmatic journey to learning full-stack development with Django 5. You’ll start building your first Django app within minutes. As you progress, you’ll learn from concise explanations that will help you get to grips with some of the most important Django features, including URLs, views, templates, models, CSS inclusion, image storage, Django admin panel, and more. You’ll also understand how to design Django MVT (Model-View-Template) architectures and implement them. Additionally, you’ll use Django to develop a movie store application and deploy it to the internet. By the end of this book, you’ll be able to build and deploy your own Django web applications confidently.

Who is this book for?

This book is for Python developers of any experience level who want to build full-stack web applications using Django. Anyone new to Django can get started with this book.

What you will learn

  • Understand and use Django key features, including URLs, templates, models, and forms
  • Implement responsive user interfaces using Bootstrap
  • Manage data storage in databases effectively
  • Explore the powerful built-in admin interface with Django
  • Harness Django's powerful built-in authentication system
  • Deploy your Django project on the internet for users
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Table of Contents

15 Chapters
Chapter 1: Installing Python and Django, and Introducing the Movies Store Application Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Chapter 2: Understanding the Project Structure and Creating Our First App Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Chapter 3: Designing a Base Template Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Chapter 4: Creating a Movies App with Dummy Data Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Chapter 5: Working with Models Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Chapter 6: Collecting and Displaying Data from the Database Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Chapter 7: Understanding the Database Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Chapter 8: Implementing User Signup and Login Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Chapter 9: Letting Users Create, Read, Update, and Delete Movie Reviews Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Chapter 10: Implementing a Shopping Cart System Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Chapter 11: Implementing Order and Item Models Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Chapter 12: Implementing the Purchase and Orders Pages Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Chapter 13: Deploying the Application to the Cloud Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Index Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Other Books You May Enjoy Chevron down icon Chevron up icon

Customer reviews

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I finished the book and successfully completed the project, but I do not understand how template_data works on p. 51, etc. How flexible is it? How many different lines can one add? Which DB Fields are off limits?I also need to figure out how to combine a string prefix to a DB field value to use as a link as a loop iterates to use the name of an image as a url link to the image.
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