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DevOps for Networking
DevOps for Networking

DevOps for Networking: Bringing Network Automation into DevOps culture

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DevOps for Networking

Chapter 2. The Emergence of Software-defined Networking

This chapter will discuss the emergence of open protocols that have helped Software-defined Networking (SDN) solutions. It will focus specifically on the Nuage VSP SDN solution, which is an SDN platform from Nokia, formerly known as Alcatel-Lucent, which allows users to create a virtual overlay network. We will look at some of the scaling benefits and features Nuage VSP provides over and above the out of the box experience from AWS and OpenStack. It will articulate why these networking solutions have become a necessity for notoriously complex private cloud networks, by simplifying networking using software constructs while aiding automation of the network by providing a set of programmable APIs and SDKs.

This chapter will focus on the following topics in detail:

  • Why SDN solutions are necessary
  • How the Nuage SDN solution works
  • The integration of OpenStack with the Nuage VSP Platform
  • The Nuage VSP Software-defined object model
  • How...

Why SDN solutions are necessary

SDN solutions are necessary as they allow businesses to simplify their network operations, and it also allows them to automate network functions. It fits well with the DevOps initiative and the need to make network operations more agile.

A byproduct of SDN is that it allows network functions to become as accurate and repeatable as creating a new virtual machine on a hypervisor.

SDN solutions from vendors are made up of a centralized controller that is implemented to become the nerve center of the network. SDN controllers rely heavily on Open vSwitch database (OVSDB), which is a programmable, open standard schema which utilizes the OpenFlow protocol, which integrates directly with switches to route packets in the network as well as applying ACL policies to particular virtual machines, physical servers, or containers.

As long as a switch can talk OVSDB and OpenFlow, then it can integrate with common SDN controllers. There are now a wide variety of SDN controllers...

How the Nuage SDN solution works

One of the market-leading SDN solutions is the Nuage SDN (VSP) platform, which is Nokia's SDN solution (formerly Alcatel Lucent), so we will explore how this market-leading SDN solution works.

The Nuage VSP platform comprises three main components—the VSD, VSC, and VRS.

  • Virtualized Service Directory (VSD): This is the policy engine for the overall platform, and it provides a graphical user interface and exposes a restful API for network engineers to use and interact with network functions.
  • Virtualized Service Controller (VSC): This is the SDN controller for Nuage, and it uses OpenFlow and OVSDB management protocol to distribute switching and routing information to hypervisors, bare metal servers, or containers.
  • Virtual Routing and Switching (VRS): This is Nuage's customized version of Open vSwitch, which is installed on compute nodes (hypervisors).
    How the Nuage SDN solution works

The Nuage VSP can integrate with OpenStack, CloudStack, and VMWare private cloud platforms or public...

Integrating OpenStack with the Nuage VSP platform

Private data center networks can be very complex, so using vanilla OpenStack neutron to meet all use cases may not provide all the features that are required. It is important to note that the features in neutron are maturing very quickly with every new OpenStack release, so neutron is likely as feature rich as dedicated SDN controllers in the future.

Neutron lends itself to integration with SDN controllers by providing a REST API extension, so SDN controllers can easily be used to extend the base networking functions provided by neutron if required to provide a very rich set of networking features.

The use of SDN solutions have helped OpenStack to scale massively, as it moves the networking aspect of OpenStack away from the centralized layer 3 agent and instead requests are moved to the dedicated SDN controllers with distributed firewalling.

This means that one OpenStack cloud can potentially scale the amount of compute instances that are supported...

How the Nuage VSP platform can support greenfield and brownfield projects

Overlay networks are typically set up as new network (greenfield) sites, but a completely new network in isolation is not useful, unless there is a planned big bang migration of all applications, which means migrating every application from the legacy network to the new network in a single migration.

If instead a staged application migration is chosen, where only a percentage of applications are migrated to the network, then the new overlay network will need to communicate with the legacy network and be required to operate in a brownfield setup.

A brownfield setup normally means applications are migrated in stages to the new platform, as opposed to all in one go, which builds confidence in the new network and new technology associated with that network. When moving applications to the new platform, it will typically involve performance testing the migrated applications in the new network, prior to throttling live traffic...

The Nuage VSP multicast support

The Nuage VSP Platform has the ability to route multicast between the following Nuage VSD entities:

  • Layer 2 and 3 domains
  • Zones
  • Subnets
  • VPorts attached to VMs

Multicast can be routed into the overlay network, which is a unique feature of the Nuage VSP platform. Multicast traffic is routed into the overlay network in Nuage by configuring dedicated VLANs on the underlay layer 2 network, which are attached to compute nodes. This allows the compute (hypervisors) on the underlay network to use the dedicated VLANs, which are ip'd on a per rack basis, to transmit and receive multicast traffic.

To route multicast traffic across the underlay, the Nuage VRS will duplicate the multicast packets and leak it into the overlay network in a controlled fashion. This is so the overlay network is not flooded with unnecessary multicast traffic, which can cause performance implications to the overlay network if it was not controlled. This makes the Nuage multicast setup highly...

Why SDN solutions are necessary


SDN solutions are necessary as they allow businesses to simplify their network operations, and it also allows them to automate network functions. It fits well with the DevOps initiative and the need to make network operations more agile.

A byproduct of SDN is that it allows network functions to become as accurate and repeatable as creating a new virtual machine on a hypervisor.

SDN solutions from vendors are made up of a centralized controller that is implemented to become the nerve center of the network. SDN controllers rely heavily on Open vSwitch database (OVSDB), which is a programmable, open standard schema which utilizes the OpenFlow protocol, which integrates directly with switches to route packets in the network as well as applying ACL policies to particular virtual machines, physical servers, or containers.

As long as a switch can talk OVSDB and OpenFlow, then it can integrate with common SDN controllers. There are now a wide variety of SDN controllers...

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Key benefits

  • •Implement networking fundamentals to the DevOps culture with ease, improving your organization’s stability
  • •Leverage various open source tools such as Puppet and Ansible in order to automate your network
  • •This step-by-step learning guide collaborating the functions of developers and network administrators

Description

Frustrated that your company’s network changes are still a manual set of activities that slow developers down? It doesn’t need to be that way any longer, as this book will help your company and network teams embrace DevOps and continuous delivery approaches, enabling them to automate all network functions. This book aims to show readers network automation processes they could implement in their organizations. It will teach you the fundamentals of DevOps in networking and how to improve DevOps processes and workflows by providing automation in your network. You will be exposed to various networking strategies that are stopping your organization from scaling new projects quickly. You will see how SDN and APIs are influencing DevOps transformations, which will in turn help you improve the scalability and efficiency of your organizations networks operations. You will also find out how to leverage various configuration management tools such as Ansible, to automate your network. The book will also look at containers and the impact they are having on networking as well as looking at how automation impacts network security in a software-defined network.

Who is this book for?

The book is aimed for Network Engineers, Developers, IT operations and System admins who are planning to incorporate Networking in DevOps culture and have no knowledge about it.

What you will learn

  • • Learn about public and private cloud networking using AWS and OpenStack as examples
  • • Explore strategies that can be used by engineers or managers to initiate the cultural changes required to enable the automation of network functions
  • • Learn about SDN and how an API-driven approach to networking can help solve common networking problems
  • • Get the hang of configuration management tools, such as Ansible and Jenkins, that can be used to orchestrate and configure network devices
  • • Setup continuous integration, delivery, and deployment pipelines for network functions
  • • Create test environments for network changes
  • • Understand how load balancing is becoming more software defined with the emergence of microservice
  • applications
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Publication date : Oct 28, 2016
Length: 364 pages
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Language : English
ISBN-13 : 9781786464859
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ISBN-13 : 9781786464859
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Table of Contents

12 Chapters
1. The Impact of Cloud on Networking Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
2. The Emergence of Software-defined Networking Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
3. Bringing DevOps to Network Operations Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
4. Configuring Network Devices Using Ansible Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
5. Orchestrating Load Balancers Using Ansible Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
6. Orchestrating SDN Controllers Using Ansible Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
7. Using Continuous Integration Builds for Network Configuration Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
8. Testing Network Changes Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
9. Using Continuous Delivery Pipelines to Deploy Network Changes Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
10. The Impact of Containers on Networking Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
11. Securing the Network Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Index Chevron down icon Chevron up icon

Customer reviews

Rating distribution
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Half star icon 4.3
(4 Ratings)
5 star 75%
4 star 0%
3 star 0%
2 star 25%
1 star 0%
boopathy kannappan Nov 04, 2016
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon 5
Well written Book.
Amazon Verified review Amazon
cmrpires Aug 19, 2017
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon 5
Great book! This is a must read for network engineers who want to learn more about bringing devops initiatives to the network. It's a great starting point to understand some concepts used by software development teams like source control management systems, A/B deployments, continuous delivery pipelines, unit testing among others and shows how it's possible to use them within a network team.It gives a good overview of tools that are becoming more relevant for the network teams like Ansible, Git, artifactory, Jenkins, Docker etc and gives examples of how and where to use them.
Amazon Verified review Amazon
Daniel J. Feb 03, 2017
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon 5
Are you interested in DevOps? and how it relates to important decisions that infrastructure teams need to make in order to deliver applications and infrastructure faster? Well, I think this is a great book to dive into it. I enjoyed this book because it's a mix of deep dive details around networking, security, configuration with a mix of a good introduction to DevOps and why it matters. I would recommend this book to any developer or infrastructure person who is looking into DevOps and with that also network components and area. From a technical standpoint, as said, the book is a good mix but would rate this book to a 300 level (100 is not technical, 500 is super technical) for the audience.Have a look, I'm sure you get out a lot of insights and helpful information and guideline on how to realize DevOps for your company or even projects.
Amazon Verified review Amazon
Darren R. Starr May 21, 2018
Full star icon Full star icon Empty star icon Empty star icon Empty star icon 2
I am glad I bought this book at a VERY LARGE discount, if not I'd have given it one star.This book provides little to no practical value for DevOps with regards to development or operations of any network. It's almost a non-stop sales sheet to say "And there's this tool and that tool and that tool". It delivers no message, it introduces no practical value and looks like a "Someone asked me to write a book on DevOps for networking and I didn't know where to start, so I just filled pages to meet my quotas."I am highly disappointed and would not recommend this book... ever... to anyone. I hate writing negative reviews as I believe if you have nothing nice to say... but I mean this book was such an utter disappointment I'm almost traumatized.
Amazon Verified review Amazon
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