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Architecture and Design of the Linux Storage Stack

You're reading from   Architecture and Design of the Linux Storage Stack Gain a deep understanding of the Linux storage landscape and its well-coordinated layers

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Product type Paperback
Published in Jul 2023
Publisher Packt
ISBN-13 9781837639960
Length 246 pages
Edition 1st Edition
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Author (1):
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Muhammad Umer Muhammad Umer
Author Profile Icon Muhammad Umer
Muhammad Umer
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Table of Contents (18) Chapters Close

Preface 1. Part 1: Diving into the Virtual Filesystem
2. Chapter 1: Where It All Starts From – The Virtual Filesystem FREE CHAPTER 3. Chapter 2: Explaining the Data Structures in a VFS 4. Chapter 3: Exploring the Actual Filesystems Under the VFS 5. Part 2: Navigating Through the Block Layer
6. Chapter 4: Understanding the Block Layer, Block Devices, and Data Structures 7. Chapter 5: Understanding the Block Layer, Multi-Queue, and Device Mapper 8. Chapter 6: Understanding I/O Handling and Scheduling in the Block Layer 9. Part 3: Descending into the Physical Layer
10. Chapter 7: The SCSI Subsystem 11. Chapter 8: Illustrating the Layout of Physical Media 12. Part 4: Analyzing and Troubleshooting Storage Performance
13. Chapter 9: Analyzing Physical Storage Performance 14. Chapter 10: Analyzing Filesystems and the Block Layer 15. Chapter 11: Tuning the I/O Stack 16. Index 17. Other Books You May Enjoy

Understanding drive endurance

There is usually an endurance rating associated with both mechanical drives and SSDs. The endurance of a drive defines multiple things, such as its maximum performance, workload limits, and its mean time between failures (MBTF). Owing to their contrasting natures, the endurance of mechanical drives and SSDs is measured in differing ways.

The endurance ratings for both types of drives are expressed in different ways. As explained earlier, cells in the NAND flash can go through a finite number of P/E cycles. Once this limit is reached, the cell will become defective. The endurance rating for SSDs is a function of the number of P/E cycles for which the NAND is rated. It is important to note that NAND cells only wear out for write (program) and erase operations. For read operations, this overhead is negligible. The metrics to measure the endurance of SSDs are as follows:

  • Drive Writes per Day (DWPD): The DWPD rating shows how many times you can overwrite...
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