Raster data

Raster data consists of rows and columns of cells or pixels, with each cell representing a single value. The easiest way to think of raster data is as images, which is how they are typically represented by software. But raster data sets are not necessarily stored as images. They can also be ASCII text files or Binary Large Objects (BLOBs) in databases.

Another difference between geospatial raster data and regular digital images is resolution. Digital images express resolution as dots-per-inch if printed at full size. Resolution can also be expressed or the total number of pixels in the image defined as megapixels. However, geospatial raster data uses the ground distance each cell represents. For example, a raster data set with two-foot resolution means that a single cell represents two feet on the ground, which also means only objects larger than two feet can be identified visually in the data set.

Raster data sets may contain multiple bands, meaning that different wavelengths...