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Vue CLI 3 Quick Start Guide
Vue CLI 3 Quick Start Guide

Vue CLI 3 Quick Start Guide: Build and maintain Vue.js applications quickly with the standard CLI

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Vue CLI 3 Quick Start Guide

Webpack in Vue CLI 3

In the previous chapter, we saw how to start using Vue CLI via both the command line and the UI. In this chapter, we will cover webpack basics from the viewpoint of Vue CLI 3. We will begin with an overview of what webpack is. We'll look at concepts behind module bundling, tree shaking, webpack loaders and output, webpack plugins, Hot Module Replacement (HMR), code coverage and code splitting, and then we'll look at how these concepts fit in with Vue CLI 3 as follows:

  • The evolution of the JavaScript (JS) language from the script tag to module bundlers
  • The script tag
  • Immediately Invoked Function Expressions (IIFEs), what problems they solve, and what problems they don't
  • How Node Package Manager (NPM) helps teams share third-party libraries in their code
  • The role of JS task runners and NPM scripts
  • What the CommonJS specification is and how modules...

The evolution of the JS language

Looking from the vantage point of webpack, here is the chronological list of approaches, techniques, best practices, and patterns that were added to the JS ecosystem, which led to the current state of things:

  • The script tag as the answer to adding interactivity to web pages
  • Immediately invoked function expressions as the answer to modularizing libraries and avoiding code collisions
  • The problem with IIFEs
  • Sharing third-party libraries in a team environment with NPM
  • JS task runners and NPM scripts
  • Modules in JS

Let's look at each one of these solutions in more detail.

The script tag

Initially, adding JS to your web page meant that you would need to add some script tags directly in your...

What is webpack?

Webpack is a module bundler for the web. Some people also refer to it as an asset compiler for web applications.

According to webpack's GitHub page:

"It packs many modules into a few bundled assets and so on. Modules can be CommonJs, AMD, ES6 modules, CSS, images, JSON, CoffeeScript, LESS, and so on, and your custom stuff."

Earlier in this chapter, in the section titled Working with modules in Node.js, we barely scratched the surface of how modules get exported and required in Node apps. What we did not mention is that there are all kinds of different module syntaxes that we can use. As already mentioned, Node.js works with the CommonJS module syntax. Besides CommonJS, there is also Asynchronous Module Definition (AMD). Alongside AMD, you can use ESM modules. With ESM modules, the syntax is a bit different from what we saw earlier.

Let's rewrite...

Adding a Vue project via NPM and using webpack with it

In this section, we'll build a new project with NPM, then add webpack to it, and finally add a Vue single file component to it.

First, let's make a new directory by taking the following steps. We'll call our project npm-vue-webpack:

  1. Open Git Bash and add a new folder as follows:
mkdir npm-vue-webpack && cd $_
  1. Initialize npm as follows:
npm init -y
  1. Next, install Vue and webpack into our new project as follows:
npm install vue webpack webpack-cli --save-dev --verbose

Once the NPM installation is complete, we can verify the folders and the contents of package.json as we did earlier in the chapter.

  1. Next, add the source and output folders our project will use as follows:
mkdir dist src
  1. Open our new project in VS Code as follows:
code .

Now, we can add two new files right from the VS Code editor...

Understanding Hot Module Replacement in Vue

HMR has become a sort of a buzzword in the past couple of years. What's the big deal? In this section, we'll discuss how HMR works.

To do that, we'll build another default simple app, just like we did in Chapter 1, Introducing Vue CLI 3, as follows:

vue create -d second-default-app

After a while, once it's done, we'll go into our app's directory as follows:

cd second-default-app

Let's open the project's folder in VS Code as follows:

code .

Now, we can see the entire contents of our second-default-project.

Now, we can serve the app as follows:

npm run serve

Of course, our app is now serving in our browser.

To view your app, visit localhost:8080 in your browser.

Let's look at HMR updates happening in real time.

...

Summary

In this chapter we discussed the evolution of the JS language and its ecosystem, and how this evolution lead to the appearance of module bundlers. We also looked at webpack, the module bundler of choice of Vue CLI 3.

We looked at how to plug in a very basic Vue-powered app, running on single file Vue templates. Alongside this mini-project, we also looked at a number of important webpack concepts. We finished the chapter by observing HMR on a Vue project.

Now that we know the very basics of how webpack works, in the chapters that follow, we'll discuss some other related technologies and we'll build on our knowledge of webpack and Vue CLI 3. The next topic we'll be closely examining is Babel.

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Key benefits

  • Learn to work with Vue CLI 3 both on the command line and with a GUI
  • Manage VueJS apps, settings, Vue plugins, and third-party libraries
  • Learn how to build Vue apps from scratch using webpack, babel, ES6, vue-router, Jest, Cypress, SCSS, and Git

Description

The sprawling landscape of various tools in JavaScript web development is becoming overwhelming. This book will show you how Vue CLI 3 can help you take back control of the tool chain. To that end, we'll begin by configuring webpack, utilizing HMR, and using single-file .vue components. We'll also use SCSS, ECMAScript, and TypeScript. We'll unit test with Jest and perform E2E testing with Cypress. This book will show you how to configure Vue CLI as your default way of building Vue projects. You'll discover the reasons behind using webpack, babel, eslint, and other modern JavaScript toolchain technologies. You'll learn about the inner workings of each through the lens of Vue CLI 3. We'll explore the extendibility of Vue CLI with the built-in settings, and various core and third-party plugins. Vue CLI helps you work with Vue components, routers, directives, and services in the Vue ecosystem. While learning these concepts, you'll examine the evolution of JavaScript. You'll learn about use of npm, IIFEs, modules in JavaScript, Common.js modules, task runners, npm scripts, module bundlers, and webpack. You'll get familiar with the reasons why Vue CLI 3 is set up the way it is. You'll also learn to perform linting with ESLint and Prettier. Towards the end, we'll introduce you to working with styles and SCSS. Finally, we'll show you how to deploy your very own Vue project on Github Pages.

Who is this book for?

This book is for existing web developers and developers who are new to web development. You must be familiar with HTML, CSS, and JavaScript programming. Basic knowledge of the command line will be helpful but is not necessary.

What you will learn

  • Work with nvm, install Node.js and npm, use Vue CLI 3 with no configuration, via the command line and the graphical user interface
  • Build a Vue project from scratch using npm and webpack, and learn about hot module replacement
  • Work with Babel settings, configurations, and presets
  • Work with Vue plugins, including testing plugins such as Jest and Cypress
  • Write, run, and watch unit and E2E tests using TDD assertions in the red-green-refactor cycle
  • Work with Vue router and use, nested, lazy-loading, and dynamic routes
  • Add SCSS to your projects and work with third-party Vue plugins
  • Deploy your Vue apps to Github Pages
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Table of Contents

9 Chapters
Introducing Vue CLI 3 Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Webpack in Vue CLI 3 Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Babel in Vue CLI 3 Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Testing in Vue CLI 3 Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Vue CLI 3 and Routing Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Using ESLint and Prettier in Vue CLI 3 Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Improving CSS with SCSS Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Deploying Vue CLI 3 Apps on GitHub Pages Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Other Books You May Enjoy Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
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