Quantum teleportation
Quantum teleportation is a truly fascinating phenomenon in quantum computing. It is used to transfer a quantum state from one place to another place without the need to travel the space between the source and destination. Although this may sound magical, it happens with the help of entanglement.
To make things easier, let's look at an example. Suppose Alice wants to send some information using a quantum state to Bob. She could send it by copying the quantum state she has, but due to the no-cloning theorem she is unable to copy her state (the no-cloning theorem states that quantum states cannot be copied).
To begin the teleportation process, consider that Alice and Bob both share a Bell state, which is an example of an entangled state.
There are a total of four kinds of operations that Bob can perform on his qubit to find out the state that Alice has sent to him:
- If measured value of
aandbis00, then Bob does nothing. - If measured value...
