Implementing the singleton pattern
The singleton pattern offers a way to implement a class from which you can only create one object, hence the name singleton. As you will understand with our exploration of this pattern, or while doing your own research, there have always been discussions about this pattern, and some even consider it an anti-pattern.
Besides that, what is interesting is that it is useful when we need to create one and only one object, for example, to store and maintain a global state for our program. In Python, this pattern can be implemented using some special built-in features.
The singleton pattern restricts the instantiation of a class to one object, which is useful when you need one object to coordinate actions for the system.
The basic idea is that only one instance of a particular class is created for the needs of the program. To ensure that this works, we need mechanisms that prevent the instantiation of the class more than once and also prevent cloning...
