Forward rates

An investor who plans to invest at a later time might be curious to know what the future interest rate might look like, as implied by today's term structure of interest rates. For example, you might ask: What is the one-year spot rate one year from now? To answer this question, one can calculate forward rates for the period between and using this formula:

Here, and are the continuously compounded annual interest rates at time period and respectively.

The following Python code helps us generate a list of forward rates from a list of spot rates:

"""
Get a list of forward rates
starting from the second time period
"""


class ForwardRates(object):
    
    def __init__(self):
        self.forward_rates = []
        self.spot_rates = dict()
        
    def add_spot_rate(self, T, spot_rate):
        self.spot_rates[T] = spot_rate
    
    def __calculate_forward_rate___(self, T1, T2):
        R1 = self.spot_rates[T1]
        R2 = self.spot_rates[T2]
        forward_rate = (R2...