The namespace pattern

Excessive use of the global scope is almost a taboo in JavaScript. When you build larger programs, it is sometimes difficult to control how much the global scope is polluted. Namespace can reduce the number of globals created by the program and also helps in avoiding naming collisions or excessive name prefixing. The idea of using namespaces is creating a global object for your application or library and adding all these objects and functions to that object rather than polluting the global scope with objects. JavaScript doesn't have an explicit syntax for namespaces, but namespaces can be easily created. Let's consider the following example:

function Car() {}
function BMW() {}
var engines = 1;
var features = {
  seats: 6,
  airbags:6
};

We are creating all this in the global scope. This is an anti-pattern, and this is never a good idea. We can, however, refactor this code and create a single global object and make all the functions and objects part of this...