Similarities between artificial and biological models

Human vision is a complex and heavily structured process. The visual system works by hierarchically understanding reality through the retina, the thalamus, the visual cortex, and the inferior temporal cortex. The input to the retina is a two-dimensional array of color intensities that is sent, through the optical nerve, to the thalamus. The thalamus receives sensory information from all of our senses with the exception of the olfactory system and then it forwards the visual information collected from the retina to the primary visual cortex, which is the striate cortex (called V1), which extracts basic information such as lines and movement directions. The information then moves to the V2 region that is responsible for color interpretation and color constancy under different lighting conditions, then to the V3 and V4 regions that improve color and form perception. Finally, the information goes down to the Inferior Temporal cortex (IT)...