Inner classes

In this project, we will use a type of class we have not seen yet – an inner class. Suppose that we have a regular class called SomeRegularClass, with a property called someRegularProperty, and a function called someRegularFunction, as shown in this next code:

class SomeRegularClass{
    var someRegularProperty = 1    

    fun someRegularFunction(){
    }
}

An inner class is a class that is declared inside of a regular class, like in this next highlighted code:

class SomeRegularClass{
    var someRegularProperty = 1

    fun someRegularFunction(){
    }

    inner class MyInnerClass {
       val myInnerProperty = 1

       fun myInnerFunction() {
       }
    }

}

The preceding highlighted code shows an inner class called MyInnerClass, with a property called myInnerProperty, and a function called myInnerFunction.

One advantage is that the outer class can use the properties and functions of the inner class by declaring an instance of it, as shown highlighted in the next...