Body Mass Index

The Body Mass Index (BMI) is defined as a person's weight in kilograms, divided by the square of their height in meters:

Figure 2.28: Expression for BMI

BMI is a universal way to classify people as underweight, healthy weight, overweight, and obese, based on tissue mass (muscle, fat, and bone) and height. The following plot indicates the relationship between weight and height for the various categories:

Figure 2.29: Body Mass Index categories (source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Body_mass_index)

According to the preceding plot, we can build the four categories (underweight, healthy weight, overweight, and obese) based on the BMI values:

"""
define function for computing the BMI category, based on BMI value
"""
def get_bmi_category(bmi):
    if bmi < 18.5:
        category = "underweight"
   ...