Creating a shaded relief

Shaded relief maps color elevation in a way that it looks as if the terrain is cast in a low-angle light, which creates bright spots and shadows. The aesthetic styling creates an almost photographic illusion, which is easy to grasp to understand the variation in terrain. It is important to note that this style is truly an illusion as the light is often physically inaccurate and the elevation is usually exaggerated to increase contrast.

In this example, we'll use the ASCII DEM referenced previously to create another grid, which represents a shaded relief version of the terrain in NumPy. This terrain is quite dynamic so we won't need to exaggerate the elevation; however, the script has a variable called z, which can be increased from 1.0 to scale the elevation up.

After we define all the variables including input and output file names, you'll see the header parser based on the linecache module, which also uses a python list comprehension to loop and parse the lines that...