Asynchronous and Lock-Free Programming in C++

In the previous chapter, we looked at the threading library introduced by Modern C++ and various ways to create, manage, and synchronize threads. The way of writing code with threads is a rather low level and is prone to potential errors associated with concurrent code (deadlock, live-lock, and so on). Even though it is not noticed by many programmers, the Modern C++ language provides a standard memory model that helps to write concurrent code better. To be a concurrent programming language from the ground up, a language has to provide certain guarantees to the developer regarding memory access and the order in which things will be executed during runtime. If we are using constructs such as mutexes, condition variables, and futures to signal events, one doesn't need to be aware of the memory model. But awareness of the memory...