Conventions used

There are a number of text conventions used throughout this book.

Code in text: Indicates code words in text, database table names, folder names, filenames, file extensions, pathnames, dummy URLs, user input, and Twitter handles. Here is an example: "Obviously, if everything is okay, we get a Person instance and have access to the properly parsed fields."

A block of code is set as follows:

from pydantic import BaseModel
class Person(BaseModel):
    first_name: str
    last_name: str
    age: int

When we wish to draw your attention to a particular part of a code block, the relevant lines or items are set in bold:

class PostBase(BaseModel):
    title: str
    content: str
    def excerpt(self) -> str:
        return f"{self.content[:140]}..."

Any command-line input or output is written as follows:

1 validation error for Person
birthdate
  invalid date format (type=value_error.date)

Tips or important notes

Appear like this.