SQL Server 2012 with PowerShell V3 Cookbook:

Import-Module SQLPS -DisableNameChecking

#sql browser must be installed and running
Start-Service "SQLBrowser"

$instanceName = "KERRIGAN"  
$managedComputer = New-Object 'Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Smo.Wmi.ManagedComputer' $instanceName

#list server instances        
$managedComputer.ServerInstances

Import-Module SQLPS

#replace KERRIGAN with your instance  name
$instanceName = "KERRIGAN"  
$managedComputer = New-Object 'Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Smo.Wmi.ManagedComputer' $instanceName

#list services        
$managedComputer.Services | 
Select Name, Type, Status, DisplayName | 
Format-Table -AutoSize

$Verbosepreference = "Continue"
$services = @("SQLBrowser", "ReportServer")
$hostName = "KERRIGAN"

$services | ForEach-Object {
   $service = Get-Service -Name $_
   if($service.Status -eq "Stopped")
   {
      Write-Verbose "Starting $($service.Name) ...."
      Start-Service -Name $service.Name
   }
   else 
   {
      Write-Verbose "Stopping $($service.Name) ...."
      Stop-Service -Name $service.Name
   }
}
$VerbosePreference = "SilentlyContinue"

#import SQL Server module
Import-Module SQLPS -DisableNameChecking

#replace this with your instance name
$instanceName = "KERRIGAN"
$server = New-Object -TypeName Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Smo.Server -ArgumentList $instanceName

#Explore: get all properties available for a server object
#http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms212724.aspx
$server | Get-Member | Where MemberType -eq "Property"

$server | Get-Member | Where {$_.MemberType -eq "Property"}
#The Information class lists...

#import SQL Server module
Import-Module SQLPS -DisableNameChecking

#replace this with your instance name
$instanceName = "KERRIGAN"
$server = New-Object -TypeName Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Smo.Server -ArgumentList $instanceName

<#
run value vs config value
config_value," is what the setting has been set to (but may or may not be what SQL Server is actually running now. Some settings don't go into effect until SQL Server...

#import SQL Server module
Import-Module SQLPS -DisableNameChecking

#replace this with your instance name
$instanceName = "KERRIGAN"
$server = New-Object -TypeName Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Smo.Server -ArgumentList...

#import SQL Server module
Import-Module SQLPS -DisableNameChecking

#replace this with your instance name
$instanceName = "KERRIGAN"
$server = New-Object -TypeName Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Smo.Server -ArgumentList $instanceName

#database TestDB with default settings
#assumption is that this database does not yet exist
$dbName = "TestDB"
$db = New-Object -TypeName Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Smo.Database($server, $dbName)
$db.Create...

#import SQL Server module
Import-Module SQLPS -DisableNameChecking
#replace this with your instance name
$instanceName = "KERRIGAN"
$server = New-Object -TypeName Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Smo.Server -ArgumentList $instanceName

#database
$dbName = "TestDB"

#we are going to assume db exists
$db = $server.Databases[$dbName]

#DatabaseOptions
#change ANSI NULLS and ANSI PADDING
$db.DatabaseOptions.AnsiNullsEnabled...

#import SQL Server module
Import-Module SQLPS -DisableNameChecking

#replace this with your instance name
$instanceName = "KERRIGAN"
$server = New-Object -TypeName Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Smo.Server -ArgumentList $instanceName

$dbName = "TestDB"

#need to check if database exists, and if it does, drop it
$db = $server.Databases[$dbName]
if ($db)
{
      #we will use KillDatabase instead of Drop
      #Kill database will drop active connections before 
      #dropping...

#import SQL Server module
Import-Module SQLPS -DisableNameChecking

#replace this with your instance name
$instanceName = "KERRIGAN"
$server = New-Object -TypeName Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Smo.Server -ArgumentList $instanceName

#create database handle
$dbName = "TestDB"
$db = $server.Databases[$dbName]

#display current owner 
$db.Owner

#change owner...

#import SQL Server module
Import-Module SQLPS -DisableNameChecking

#replace this with your instance name...

#import SQL Server module
Import-Module SQLPS -DisableNameChecking

#replace this with your instance name
$instanceName = "KERRIGAN"
$server = New-Object -TypeName Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Smo.Server -ArgumentList $instanceName

$dbName = "AdventureWorks2008R2"
$db = $server.Databases[$dbName]
$viewName = "vwVCPerson"
$view = $db...

#import SQL Server module
Import-Module SQLPS -DisableNameChecking

#replace this with your instance name
$instanceName = "KERRIGAN"
$server = New-Object -TypeName Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Smo.Server -ArgumentList $instanceName

$dbName = "AdventureWorks2008R2...

#import SQL Server module
Import-Module SQLPS -DisableNameChecking

#replace this with your instance name
$instanceName = "KERRIGAN"
$server = New-Object -TypeName Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Smo.Server -ArgumentList $instanceName

$dbName = "AdventureWorks2008R2"
$db = $server.Databases[$dbName]

$tableName...

#import SQL Server module
Import-Module SQLPS -DisableNameChecking

#replace this with your instance name
$instanceName = "KERRIGAN"
$server = New-Object -TypeName Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Smo.Server -ArgumentList $instanceName

$dbName = "AdventureWorks2008R2"
$db = $server.Databases[$dbName]

#execute a passthrough query, and export to a CSV file
Invoke-Sqlcmd `
-Query "SELECT * FROM Person.Person" `
-ServerInstance "$instanceName" `
-Database $dbName | 
Export-Csv -LiteralPath "C:\Temp\ResultsFromPassThrough.csv" `
...

#import SQL Server module
Import-Module SQLPS -DisableNameChecking

#replace this with your instance name
$instanceName = "KERRIGAN"
$server = New-Object -TypeName Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Smo.Server -ArgumentList $instanceName

#database handle
$dbName = "AdventureWorks2008R2"
$db = $server.Databases[$dbName]

#export file name
$exportfile = "C:\Temp\Person_Person.csv"

$query = @"
SELECT 
   * 
FROM 
   Person.Person
"@
Invoke...

$server = "KERRIGAN"
$table = "AdventureWorks2008R2.Person.Person"
$curdate = Get-Date -Format "yyyy-MM-dd_hmmtt"

$foldername = "C:\Temp\Exports\"

#format file name
$formatfilename = "$($table)_$($curdate).fmt"

#export file name
$exportfilename = "$($table)_$($curdate).csv"

$destination_exportfilename = "$($foldername)$($exportfilename)"
$destination_formatfilename = "$($foldername)$($formatfilename)"

#command to generate format file
$cmdformatfile...