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Arduino Networking
Arduino Networking

Arduino Networking: Connect your projects to the Web using the Arduino Ethernet library

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Arduino Networking

Chapter 2. Sending Data to a Web Server

In the previous chapter, we made sure that your Arduino Ethernet shield could actually connect to your local network and to the Web. In this chapter, we are going to build on that, and build our first application using the Ethernet shield.

We are going to see in more detail how the Ethernet client works by measuring data from a digital sensor and sending this data to a web server. In this chapter, this web server will be a server running on your own computer.

These will be the major takeaways from this chapter:

  • First, we are going to choose the temperature and humidity sensor that we will also use later in the book. We are also going to install the different software components that are required for this chapter, especially the library to plot data on your computer.
  • Then, we are going to build the Arduino code that will perform measurements and send these measurements to the web server running on your computer.
  • After that, we'll start building...

Hardware and software requirements

On the hardware side, you will of course need the Arduino Uno board and Arduino Ethernet shield.

You will also need a sensor to measure some data. As this book is about how to use the Ethernet shield and not how to measure data from sensors, you can actually take any sensor of your choice.

I used a DHT11 sensor, which is a digital temperature and humidity sensor. I chose this sensor for this chapter and for many chapters of the book since it is a very cheap sensor and easy to interface with Arduino. Along with the DHT11 sensor, you will also need a 4.7k Ohm resistor.

You can also use other kind of sensors. You can use analog sensors, which return a signal depending on the measured data. For example, the TMP36 sensor is an analog temperature sensor that returns a voltage proportional to the ambient temperature.

Other kind of sensors you can use here are sensors based on the SPI or I2C protocols, which are digital communication protocols that are easy to use...

Sending data to a server

It is now time to build the sketch for our first application using the Arduino Ethernet shield. But first, we need one more piece of data: the local IP address of your computer. Inside the Arduino sketch, we are going to specify where the Arduino Ethernet shield has to send the data.

Finding your IP address is easy, but it depends on your operating system. If you are using OS X, you can find your IP address inside Network Preferences.

Sending data to a server

If you are using Windows, you will find the information you need under the Network Settings in your Control Panel:

Sending data to a server

Another way under Windows is to go to Start, then Run, and type cmd. Then, inside the console, type ipconfig and hit Enter. Your computer's IP address will be displayed.

If you are using Linux or OS X, you can simply go to a terminal and type:

ifconfig

This command should print your IP address inside the terminal window. It will in general be something like eth0 or en0. This is what I had on my machine:

en0: flags=8863...

Log incoming data in a database

In this section, we are going to use PHP to build the server-side part of the project. If you are a complete novice in PHP, I recommend the following resource to learn the basics of the language:

http://php.net/manual/en/tutorial.php

First, we are going to see the content of the datalogger.php file. This file will handle the requests coming from the Arduino board, log the data in a database, and answer with a simple message. Note that this file has to be in a folder named datalogger on your web server. We will see the important parts of the code. To get the complete code for this section, please refer to the GitHub repository of the chapter. Note that all the PHP code should be between the <php … ?> tags.

The file starts by receiving the data from the GET request sent by the Arduino Ethernet shield:

$temperature = intval($_GET["temp"]);
$humidity = intval($_GET["hum"]);

We also instantiate the connection with the SQLite database...

Displaying the results

We are now going to use the data that was logged in the database and display it on a graph for more convenience. For this task, we are going to use a JavaScript library called flot, which is already included in the code for this chapter. This library provides nice functions to plot data on a web page, and also allows you to plot data in real time, so you will see the graph being automatically updated as more data comes in.

Everything will happen inside an HTML file called plot.html. We will only see the most important parts of the code here. Please refer to the GitHub repository of the chapter to get the complete files. Inside this file, you first have to include the files required for the flot library:

<script src="flot/jquery.js"></script>
<script src="flot/jquery.flot.js"></script>
<script src="flot/jquery.flot.time.js"></script>

You also need an element in the HTML page that will host the graph. This...

Summary

In this second chapter of the book, we built our first application based on the Arduino Ethernet shield and Ethernet client class. We did some basic measurements on the Arduino board, sent these measurements on a local web server, and finally displayed this data in real time on a graph.

To proceed further with this chapter, I invite you to carefully repeat all the steps of this chapter to really understand well how the Arduino Ethernet shield communicates with the PHP code running on your computer. You can also add more sensors to the projects and log this data inside the database. Also, you can try to plot several variables at once on different graphs.

These were the major takeaways from this chapter:

  • First, we interfaced a digital temperature and humidity sensor to the Arduino board so that we can send the measurements to a local web server using the Ethernet shield. We also installed some useful software components such as a library to plot data in a web page.
  • Then, we built an Arduino...
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Description

This book is intended for those who want to build their own network-connected projects using the Arduino platform. You will be able to build exciting projects that connect to your local network and the Web. You will need to have some basic experience in electronics and web programming languages. You will also need to know the basics of the Arduino platform as the projects mainly deal with the networking aspects of the Arduino Ethernet shield.

What you will learn

  • Interface the Ethernet shield with Arduino and to your Ethernet router
  • Learn the basics of the Arduino Ethernet library
  • Grab the content of a web page using the Ethernet shield
  • Measure data and send it to a server running on your computer
  • Create a data logging station with a web server running on the Ethernet shield
  • Send measured data to the cloud service Xively, so it can be monitored from anywhere
  • Discover how to use the Temboo web service to connect the Ethernet shield to more cloud services
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Publication date, Length, Edition, Language, ISBN-13
Publication date : Aug 21, 2014
Length: 118 pages
Edition : 1st
Language : English
ISBN-13 : 9781783986866
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Arduino
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Languages :
Concepts :
Tools :

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Table of Contents

7 Chapters
1. Discover the Arduino Ethernet Shield Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
2. Sending Data to a Web Server Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
3. Data Logging Station Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
4. Controlling Objects from Anywhere Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
5. Internet of Things with Xively Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
6. Logging Data in Google Docs Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Index Chevron down icon Chevron up icon

Customer reviews

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Rating distribution
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Half star icon Empty star icon 3.9
(9 Ratings)
5 star 44.4%
4 star 11.1%
3 star 33.3%
2 star 11.1%
1 star 0%
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RAUL LOPEZ Mar 23, 2016
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon 5
Really, great guide for beginning in networking with arduino
Amazon Verified review Amazon
Alison Taylor Dec 17, 2014
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon 5
Partner very impressed with this
Amazon Verified review Amazon
Steve Spence Nov 12, 2014
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon 5
As much fun as it is connecting sensors to an Arduino, and displaying data on a LCD, lighting LED's, or other local actions, the real power is when you connect to a network. Whether it's a local network and you are communicating between them or collecting data in a central database (Raspberry Pi), or connecting to the internet and contributing local weather data to a server, or broadcasting data with email or Twitter, even pulling down information like emails, tweets, or scraping other websites for data for local display, there's a lot of fun to be had.One book that explains how this all works, and gives you easy to replicate (and understand) projects is "Arduino Networking" by Marco Schwartz. This book delves into the abilities of network connectivity, explaining how and why it works, and leaves your mind swirling with new applications, and the ability to execute them. It's a must have on any maker's shelf!
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Stefan Buttigieg Sep 10, 2014
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon 5
This book is explained in a very clear and step-wise way which makes it extremely easy for anyone to follow from the Arduino Hobbyist beginner to the most experienced. Mr.Schwartz has proven to be over and over again with the release of other books on this subject matter to be trustworthy.
Amazon Verified review Amazon
W Boudville Oct 10, 2014
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Empty star icon 4
For many of you Arduino enthusiasts, the project you work on will need a way to connect your hardware to a network. As a practical matter, that network is likely to be your local network or the Internet. This text gives a means, using the Arduino Ethernet shield. The slender nature of the book hints at how straightforward this can be.Given the hardware, the steps in the text's examples show how to upload data, including how to plot this in a rudimentary way on a terminal window. Back to basics indeed. For debugging, this makes the mininum needed. No fancy interactions with a web server. At least initially. But the text then goes onwards, to explain to to hook up to a web server. Chapter 3 actually makes the web on the Arduino motherboard. Impressive use of the memory and CPU now commonly available in Arduino !Another key variant is later in the book, when it shows how to use a web server on the Internet to remotely control your device. The advantages and uses are manifold. Albeit with the requirement that the device needs to be accessible from the Internet.Happy tinkering.
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