Known by many names, the CPU (also known as the microprocessor, processor, brains, and other names), is the electronic component that runs program instructions, performs arithmetic functions, and controls the movement of data and the input and output functions of peripheral devices attached to or installed on the computer. But then, you knew all of that.
For the Server+ exam, what you need to know is less about how a CPU functions and more about its characteristics, including its mounting socket, clock speeds, cores, stepping, and more. So, let's get on with it.