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Intelligent IoT Projects in 7 Days
Intelligent IoT Projects in 7 Days

Intelligent IoT Projects in 7 Days: Build exciting projects using smart devices

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Intelligent IoT Projects in 7 Days

A Smart Parking System

Parking is one of the biggest problems in modern cities. A smart parking system is a solution to address vehicle parking in cities using the internet. This chapter will explore what a smart parking system is and how to build one using Arduino and Raspberry Pi boards.

In this chapter, we learn the following topics:

  • Introducing smart parking systems
  • Sensor devices for a smart parking system
  • Vehicle entry/exit detection
  • Vehicle plate number detection
  • Vacant parking space detection
  • Building a smart parking system

Let's get started!

Introducing smart parking systems

Parking has become one of the biggest problems in modern cities. When the vehicle growth rate is faster than street development rate, there will be issues with how these vehicles will be parked. A smart parking system becomes an alternative solution to addressing parking problems.

In general, a smart parking system will address problems shown in the following figure:

  • Vehicle In/Out stands for detecting when a vehicle comes in and goes out. It will affect the number of vacant parking spaces and parking duration.
  • Vehicle plate number detection aims at minimizing human errors in entering vehicle plate numbers into a system.
  • Vacant parking space aims at optimizing parking space by knowing the number of vacant parking spaces.
  • Parking management system is the main system to manage all activities in a parking system. It also provides information about...

Sensor devices for a smart parking system

To build a smart parking system, we should know about some sensors related to a smart parking system. In this section, we will review the main sensors that are used in one.

Let's explore!

Ultrasonic sensor - HC-SR04

Vehicle entry/exit detection

A parking lot usually has an in-gate and out-gate. When a vehicle comes in, a driver presses a button to a get parking ticket. Then, the gate opens. Some parking places use a card as driver identity. After it is tapped, the gate will open.

Here's a real parking gate:

To build a parking in-gate, we can design one as shown in the following figure. We put sensor devices on the left, right, and a front of a vehicle. You can use sensor devices that we have learned about.

For instance, we can use an ultrasonic sensor. We'll put some sensor devices on the right, left, and front of the vehicle. The sensor device position in the gate is shown in the following figure. All sensors acquire and obtain distance values, dx. Then, we set a threshold value from a collection of distance values to indicate whether...

Vehicle plate number detection

A smart parking system ensures all activities take place automatically. Rather than reading a vehicle plate number manually, we can make it read a vehicle plate number using a program through a camera. We can use the OpenALPR library for reading vehicle plate numbers.

OpenALPR is an open source automatic license plate recognition library written in C++ with bindings in C#, Java, Node.js, Go, and Python. You can visit the official website at https://github.com/openalpr/openalpr.

We will install OpenALPR and test it with vehicle plate numbers in the next section.

Installing OpenALPR

In this section, we will deploy OpenALPR on the Raspberry Pi. Since OpenALPR needs more space on disk, make sure...

Vacant parking space detection

In a smart parking system, information about vacant parking spaces is important. A simple method to identify how many vacant spaces are available is to count the difference between the parking lot capacity and the number of vehicles currently in the lot. This approach has a disadvantage because we don't know which parking areas are vacant. Suppose a parking lot has four levels. We should know whether a parking area level is full or not.

Suppose we have a parking area as shown in the next image. We can identify how many vacant parking spaces there are using image processing and pattern recognition.

A simple way to detect vacant parking spaces is to apply the background subtraction method. If you use the OpenCV library, you can learn this method with this tutorial...

A parking management system

We have built sensors for detecting vehicle entry/exit and plate numbers. All those systems should be connected to a central system. This could be called a core system. To build a core system for parking, we could design and develop a parking management system. It's software which can use any platform, such as Java, .NET, Node.js, Python.

In general, a parking management system can be described as follows:

From this figure, we can explain each component as follows:

  • Core parking system application is the main application for the parking system. This application is responsible for processing and querying data for all vehicles and sensors.
  • Web application is a public application that serves parking information, such as capacity and current vacant parking space.
  • RESTful/MQTT is an application interface to serve JSON or MQTT for mobile and sensor...

Building a smart parking system

Building a smart parking system needs several components to make it work. These components can be software and hardware. In general, a smart parking system can be described as follows:

A parking application system consists of application modules that manage each task. For instance, the web application is designed as an interface for user interaction. All data will be saved into a storage server, such as MySQL, MariaDB, PostgreSQL, Oracle, or SQL Server.

All sensors are connected to a board system. You can use Arduino or Raspberry Pi. The sensor will detect vehicle entry/exit and plate numbers.

Firstly, we design a smart parking system in a building. We put a camera and sensors on each floor in the building. You also build gates for vehicle entry/exit with sensors. Lastly, we deploy a core parking system in the building. Building infrastructure...

Summary

We learned what a smart parking system is and explored sensor devices that are used in a smart parking system. We also implemented core components of such a smart parking system.

In the next chapter, we'll review a vending machine and try to build a prototype.

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Key benefits

  • - Build intelligent and unusual IoT projects in just 7 days,
  • - Create home automation, smart home, and robotic projects and allow your devices to do smart work
  • - Build IoT skills through enticing projects and leverage revolutionary computing hardware through the RPi and Arduino.

Description

Intelligent IoT Projects in 7 days is about creating smart IoT projects in just 7 days. This book will help you to overcome the challenge of analyzing data from physical devices. This book aims to help you put together some of the most exciting IoT projects in a short span of time. You'll be able to use these in achieving or automating everyday tasks—one project per day. We will start with a simple smart gardening system and move on to a smart parking system, and then we will make our own vending machine, a smart digital advertising dashboard, a smart speaker machine, an autonomous fire fighter robot, and finally look at a multi-robot cooperation using swarm intelligence

Who is this book for?

If you're a developer, IoT enthusiast, or just someone curious about Internet of Things, then this book is for you. A basic understanding of electronic hardware, networking, and basic programming skills would do wonders.

What you will learn

  • - Learn how to get started with intelligent IoT projects
  • - Explore various pattern recognition and machine learning algorithms to make IoT projects smarter.
  • - Make decisions on which devices to use based on the kind of project to build.
  • - Create a simple machine learning application and implement decision system concepts
  • - Build a smart parking system using Arduino and Raspberry Pi
  • - Learn how to work with Amazon Echo and to build your own smart speaker machine
  • - Build multi-robot cooperation using swarm intelligence.
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Publication date : Sep 11, 2017
Length: 206 pages
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Language : English
ISBN-13 : 9781787286429
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Publication date : Sep 11, 2017
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Table of Contents

8 Chapters
A Simple Smart Gardening System Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
A Smart Parking System Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Making Your Own Vending Machine Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
A Smart Digital Advertising Dashboard Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
A Smart Speaker Machine Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Autonomous Firefighter Robot Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Multi-Robot Cooperation Using Swarm Intelligence Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Essential Hardware Components Chevron down icon Chevron up icon

Customer reviews

Rating distribution
Full star icon Full star icon Half star icon Empty star icon Empty star icon 2.5
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idris Feb 16, 2018
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Nice book to start with
Amazon Verified review Amazon
Souvik Ganguli Jan 25, 2019
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Don't buy....entire waste of money
Amazon Verified review Amazon
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