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WS-BPEL 2.0 Beginner's Guide
WS-BPEL 2.0 Beginner's Guide

WS-BPEL 2.0 Beginner's Guide: Design and develop WS-BPEL executable business processes using Oracle SOA Suite 12c

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WS-BPEL 2.0 Beginner's Guide

Chapter 2. Service Invocation

Services are self-contained units of functionality. BPEL processes specify the exact order in which participating services should be invoked—this is called orchestration. We can do this sequentially or in parallel. With BPEL, we can also express conditional behavior; for example, a service invocation can depend on the return value of a previous invocation. We will see that BPEL processes are essentially graphs of activities.

In this chapter, we will learn how to use BPEL for service invocations using sequential flows. We will develop a BPEL process, which will invoke other services and orchestrate them. This way, the BPEL process will consume services, thus building a composite application.

In traditional programming languages, we used to invoke operations sequentially, one by one. In business processes, however, we often need to execute activities in parallel. We will see that BPEL provides a relatively easy way to invoke services and execute...

Service invocation and orchestration

In the previous chapter, we learned the basics of BPEL. We learned that BPEL processes can be synchronous or asynchronous. BPEL processes consist of activities. A process usually begins with a <receive> activity, which is responsible for receiving the request from the process client. Then, the BPEL process executes some logic. So far, we have become familiar with the <assign> activity for manipulating variables and with the <if> activity for conditions.

We have also learned that BPEL is a programming-in-the-large language, meaning that we do not program distinct functionalities in BPEL. Rather, we use BPEL to orchestrate services—in other words, it invokes several services in a specific order to perform a certain business process.

In a typical scenario, the BPEL business process receives a request. To fulfill it, the process then invokes the involved services and finally responds to the original caller. Every BPEL process specifies...

Developing the book warehousing process

To develop the book warehousing process, we will start with the JDeveloper project from the previous chapter. In this project, we already have two BPEL processes that return the stock quantity for Bookstore A and Bookstore B.

We will create a new BPEL process, called BookWarehousingBPEL, simply by dragging-and-dropping the process to the SOA composite. As the BookWarehousingBPEL process will invoke the BookstoreA and BookstoreB BPEL processes, we will need to connect the BookWarehousingBPEL process with the other two processes. This way, we will create a partner link between them and will enable the service invocation. Connecting BPEL processes in JDeveloper is very easy as we only need to draw a wire between them.

In this example, we will use a synchronous BPEL, which we have become familiar with in Chapter 1, Hello BPEL. The synchronous request/response operation semantics is appropriate for this example. We will learn about asynchronous BPEL processes...

Time for action – creating the book warehousing process

Let's create the BookWarehousingBPEL BPEL process:

  1. We will open the SOA composite by double-clicking on the Bookstore in the process tree. In the composite, we can see both Bookstore BPEL processes and their WSDL interfaces.
  2. We will add a new BPEL process by dragging-and-dropping the BPEL Process service component from the right-hand side toolbar.
  3. An already-familiar dialog window will open, where we will specify the BPEL 2.0 version, enter the process name as BookWarehousingBPEL, modify the namespace to http://packtpub.com/Bookstore/BookWarehousingBPEL, and select Synchronous BPEL Process. We will leave all other fields to their default values:
    Time for action – creating the book warehousing process
  4. Next, we will wire the BookWarehousingBPEL component with the BookstoreABPEL and BookstoreBBPEL components. This way, we will establish a partner link between them. First, we will create the wire to the BookstoreBBPEL component (although the order doesn't matter). To do this, you...

Time for action – developing the book warehousing process

Let's start with the implementation of the BookWarehousingBPEL process. We should follow these steps:

  1. We will start with the XML schema definition. To do this, we need to double-click on the BookWarehousingBPEL.xsd file (in the Schemas folder) and write the following schema, as shown:
    Time for action – developing the book warehousing process
  2. Now we can switch back to the BPEL tab (BookWarehousingBPEL.bpel). First, we will add an <assign> activity to prepare a request for both the bookstore BPEL processes. In <assign>, we will copy the whole BookData element from inputVariable to a new variable, which we will create on the fly. We should do the following:
    1. Drag-and-drop <assign> to the BPEL process between the <receive> and <reply> activities.
    2. Double-click on the <assign> activity to open the dialog window.
    3. To hold and store the request for both bookstore BPEL processes, we need a new variable. Therefore, we will right-click on Variable and select...

Understanding sequential invocation

Within the <process> element, a BPEL process will usually have the top-level <sequence> element. Within the sequence, the process will first wait for the incoming message to start the process. This wait is usually modeled with the <receive> construct. It could also be modeled with the <pick> activity, if we expect more than one incoming message. We will explain the <pick> activity in Chapter 10, Events and Event Handlers.

Then, the process will invoke the related services using the <invoke> construct. Such invocations can be done sequentially or in parallel. If we want to make them sequential, we simply write an <invoke> activity for each invocation, and the services will be invoked in that order. Finally, the process will return a response using <reply>. This is shown in the following code excerpt:

<process ...> 
  ... 
  <sequence> 
    <!-- Wait for the incoming request to start the process...

Understanding partner links

When invoking services, we have often mentioned partner links. Partner links denote all the interactions that a BPEL process has with the external services. There are two possibilities:

  • The BPEL process invokes operations on other services.
  • The BPEL process receives invocations from clients. One of the clients is the user of the BPEL process, who makes the initial invocation. Other clients are services, for example, those that have been invoked by the BPEL process, but may return replies.

Links to all the parties that BPEL interacts with are called partner links. Partner links can be links to services that are invoked by the BPEL process. These are sometimes called invoked partner links. Partner links can also be links to clients, and can invoke the BPEL process. Such partner links are sometimes called client partner links. Note that each BPEL process has at least one client partner link, because there has to be a client that first invokes the BPEL process. Usually...

Service invocation and orchestration


In the previous chapter, we learned the basics of BPEL. We learned that BPEL processes can be synchronous or asynchronous. BPEL processes consist of activities. A process usually begins with a <receive> activity, which is responsible for receiving the request from the process client. Then, the BPEL process executes some logic. So far, we have become familiar with the <assign> activity for manipulating variables and with the <if> activity for conditions.

We have also learned that BPEL is a programming-in-the-large language, meaning that we do not program distinct functionalities in BPEL. Rather, we use BPEL to orchestrate services—in other words, it invokes several services in a specific order to perform a certain business process.

In a typical scenario, the BPEL business process receives a request. To fulfill it, the process then invokes the involved services and finally responds to the original caller. Every BPEL process specifies the...

Developing the book warehousing process


To develop the book warehousing process, we will start with the JDeveloper project from the previous chapter. In this project, we already have two BPEL processes that return the stock quantity for Bookstore A and Bookstore B.

We will create a new BPEL process, called BookWarehousingBPEL, simply by dragging-and-dropping the process to the SOA composite. As the BookWarehousingBPEL process will invoke the BookstoreA and BookstoreB BPEL processes, we will need to connect the BookWarehousingBPEL process with the other two processes. This way, we will create a partner link between them and will enable the service invocation. Connecting BPEL processes in JDeveloper is very easy as we only need to draw a wire between them.

In this example, we will use a synchronous BPEL, which we have become familiar with in Chapter 1, Hello BPEL. The synchronous request/response operation semantics is appropriate for this example. We will learn about asynchronous BPEL processes...

Time for action – creating the book warehousing process


Let's create the BookWarehousingBPEL BPEL process:

  1. We will open the SOA composite by double-clicking on the Bookstore in the process tree. In the composite, we can see both Bookstore BPEL processes and their WSDL interfaces.

  2. We will add a new BPEL process by dragging-and-dropping the BPEL Process service component from the right-hand side toolbar.

  3. An already-familiar dialog window will open, where we will specify the BPEL 2.0 version, enter the process name as BookWarehousingBPEL, modify the namespace to http://packtpub.com/Bookstore/BookWarehousingBPEL, and select Synchronous BPEL Process. We will leave all other fields to their default values:

  4. Next, we will wire the BookWarehousingBPEL component with the BookstoreABPEL and BookstoreBBPEL components. This way, we will establish a partner link between them. First, we will create the wire to the BookstoreBBPEL component (although the order doesn't matter). To do this, you have to click on...

Time for action – developing the book warehousing process


Let's start with the implementation of the BookWarehousingBPEL process. We should follow these steps:

  1. We will start with the XML schema definition. To do this, we need to double-click on the BookWarehousingBPEL.xsd file (in the Schemas folder) and write the following schema, as shown:

  2. Now we can switch back to the BPEL tab (BookWarehousingBPEL.bpel). First, we will add an <assign> activity to prepare a request for both the bookstore BPEL processes. In <assign>, we will copy the whole BookData element from inputVariable to a new variable, which we will create on the fly. We should do the following:

    1. Drag-and-drop <assign> to the BPEL process between the <receive> and <reply> activities.

    2. Double-click on the <assign> activity to open the dialog window.

    3. To hold and store the request for both bookstore BPEL processes, we need a new variable. Therefore, we will right-click on Variable and select the Create...

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Description

If you are a software architect, a designer, a software developer, an SOA and BPM architect, a project manager, or a business process analyst who is responsible for the design and development of business processes, composite applications, and BPM/SOA solutions, then this book is for you. You should have a clear grasp of general SOA concepts including business processes and web services, but no prior knowledge of the BPEL language is required.

What you will learn

  • Design and develop BPEL 2.0 executable business processes Become familiar with BPEL 2.0 activities and the most important usage scenarios Learn how to invoke and orchestrate services, manipulate data and use variables Implement conditions and loops, and recognize fault-handling capabilities to avoid unexpected states Understand message exchange patterns and learn about asynchronous communication channels and dynamic parallel invocations Learn about human interactions, human tasks, events and event handling, and compensations
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Frequently bought together


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BPEL and Java Cookbook
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WS-BPEL 2.0 Beginner's Guide
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Table of Contents

13 Chapters
1. Hello BPEL Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
2. Service Invocation Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
3. Variables, Data Manipulation, and Expressions Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
4. Conditions and Loops Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
5. Interaction Patterns in BPEL Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
6. Fault Handling and Signaling Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
7. Working with Scopes Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
8. Dynamic Parallel Invocations Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
9. Human Tasks Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
10. Events and Event Handlers Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
11. Compensations Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
A. Pop Quiz Answers Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Index Chevron down icon Chevron up icon

Customer reviews

Rating distribution
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Half star icon 4.8
(5 Ratings)
5 star 80%
4 star 20%
3 star 0%
2 star 0%
1 star 0%
Thilini Ishaka Nov 06, 2014
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon 5
This is an excellent book. It's very well explained and organized. BPEL is a complex and hardly understandable subject are for many students & industry users. If you are to understand the concepts in WS-BPEL specification, you might need to read it couple of times. But this book makes it easy for the beginners to grab the concepts very easily.The author has used several sample use-cases to explain the concepts. More complex scenarios are explained using step-by-step approach.This is more of a practical book rather than just theoretical.The chapter based quiz given at the end of the book is really helpful to check your knowledge.I'd recommend this book for all BPEL & related enthusiastic users to have a look.
Amazon Verified review Amazon
Tolulope Adeniji Nov 11, 2014
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon 5
If you are looking for a book to get you started quickly on BPEL, your best bet is WS-BPEL 2.0 Beginner's Guide.With this book you can definitely hit the ground running and start development on BPEL 2.0 using Oracle SOA Suite 12c.This book also simplifies difficult concepts in BPEL by providing hands-on examples that are not too complex to followand at the same time sufficiently demonstrates the concepts.The Beginner's guide in the title does not mean it's for beginners alone; it can also serve as a quick reference for Senior developers as well as Architects, Project Managers and Business Analyst.
Amazon Verified review Amazon
Mike Coons Jul 09, 2017
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon 5
Excellent step-by-step guide to learning BPEL. The author covers slightly more than I learned in a week long Oracle course that I took on building 12c BPEL applications with the updated SOA suite.
Amazon Verified review Amazon
Has1 Oct 16, 2014
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon 5
As name suggest, This is a good reading for who wants to learn BPEL concepts from beginning. Authors start book with a very simple BPEL sample. They give details instructions from setting up IDE, creating schema and wsdl, etc. They finish their first sample giving instructions to how you can test your first BPEL process using a BPEL engine. That is why I recommend this book as a true beginner guide.BPEL specifications is so long and even BPEL 2.0 primer is very hard to understand without prior knowledge on BPEL. But authors have structured book chapters from simple to complex BPEL concepts, so that beginners can easily understand. It contains chapters for fault handling, compensation, parallel processing asynchronous invocation etc. Best part is authors have given samples for each section including guidance how you can do it in IDE.This book contains special chapter for Humantask with samples. That adds a true value to this book.Even BPEL 2.0 is published in 2007, (Nearly 7 years ago) it is usage is increasing in enterprise world. It is an widely used industrial standard for Business process management (BPM). I think knowing BPEL is an added advantage for a programmer, architect and students; and this is the best book to start with.
Amazon Verified review Amazon
Amazon Customer Jul 11, 2018
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Empty star icon 4
Me hubiera gustado recibir el pedido el Lunes, tal como era previsto, pero una y otra vez los transportistas hacen lo que le da la gana. Es imposible que no haya forma de mejorar esto, de que se valore solo al vendedor, cuando de hecho estos intermediarios fallan y lo dejan en tan mal lugar.No es la culpa de los vendedores, sino que el sistema no valore de ninguna manera, y castigue también, a las empresas transportistas de alguna manera.
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