Summary

In this chapter, we looked at the basics of a web application. The center of this universe is the servlet. There are many other frameworks, such as Spring, that provide an alternative set of libraries, yet all these frameworks sit on top of and depend upon the servlet specification, along with other Jakarta libraries.

Jakarta is standards-based. What this means is that by adhering to the HTTP protocols, it can provide services to any frontend, such as React.js, Bootstrap, and Angular. In the next chapter, we will look at one frontend programming library, Jakarta Faces, that is part of the Jakarta framework.

We used the GlassFish server in this chapter, but there are a number of other choices for a Java application server. For example, the Payara server is based on Glassfish, but as it is backed by the Payara company, it provides commercial support that is not available with Glassfish. There are also servers from Red Hat, IBM, and others. There is usually a community version...