Learning about algorithms

In computer programming, the sole purpose of building any software is to solve a problem existing in the real world and make the world a better place to live in. When we talk about a solution to a problem, it's obvious that we're talking about the procedure to be followed to solve the problem.

Let's consider a case where your teacher comes to you and gives you a bunch of candy, asking you to distribute it equally among your classmates. If you consider this as a problem and try to achieve it with ease, then you might do it as follows:

1. Count the number of candies you have.
2. Count the number of students present in your class.
3. Calculate how many candies should be given to each student.
4. Ask all of the students form a queue so that no student can take the required candies twice.
5. Start distributing the candies to each student.
6. Maintain a separate...