Using abstraction

With abstraction, we take from the object we want to create the basic functionality that all objects derived from the abstracted object must have. To explain this in simple terms, we abstract the common functionality and put it in a single class that will be used to provide this shared functionality to all classes that inherit from it.

Getting ready

To explain abstraction, we will use abstract classes. Imagine that you are dealing with trainee space astronauts who need to progress through the ranks as they get trained. The truth is that once you as trainee learn a new skill, that skill is learned and will remain with you even though you learn more advanced ways to do things. You must also implement all the previous skills learned in the new object...