Understanding JPEG, RAW and other file formats

Nearly all digital cameras can shoot and record two types of picture file: JPEG and RAW files. Some models can also record a third file type called DNG (digital negative) another type of RAW file. We'll look at them later in this chapter.

The difference between JPEG and RAW files is simple: JPEG files are 8-bit picture files. These are processed in-camera and then compressed (squashed) to maximize storage space, before being saved to the memory card.

RAW files are usually 10-bit files that have little or no processing applied in camera, and they are not compressed before being saved to the memory card. The result is a file that is several times larger than a JPEG, but one that can be edited to a far higher degree of accuracy than the humble JPEG.

Though shooting in the RAW format is recommended, you'll find that your camera's files are quite different from RAW files from other camera models. Sony RAW files...