The Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter Protocol

In this chapter, we will learn about the universal asynchronous receiver/transmitter (UART) protocol, an important communication method widely used in embedded systems. UART is fundamental for enabling communication between microcontrollers and various peripherals, making it an essential component in embedded systems development.

We will start by discussing the significance of communication protocols in embedded systems and highlight common use cases for UART alongside other protocols such as SPI and I2C. Following this, we will provide a comprehensive overview of the UART protocol, detailing its operational principles and features. Next, we will extract and examine the relevant registers for UART from the STM32 reference manual, providing the necessary foundational knowledge for driver development. Finally, we will apply this knowledge to develop a bare-metal UART driver, illustrating the practical aspects of initializing...