To see details (the gcc(1) compiler flags, and so on) while the kernel build runs, pass the V=1 verbose option switch to make(1). The following is a bit of sample output when building the Raspberry Pi 3 kernel with the verbose switch set to on:
$ make V=1 ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux-gnueabihf- zImage modules dtbs
[...]
make -f ./scripts/Makefile.build obj=kernel/sched
arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc -Wp,-MD,kernel/sched/.core.o.d
-nostdinc
-isystem <...>/gcc-linaro-7.3.1-2018.05-x86_64_arm-linux-gnueabihf/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-linux-gnueabihf/7.3.1/include
-I./arch/arm/include -I./arch/arm/include/generated/uapi
-I./arch/arm/include/generated -I./include
-I./arch/arm/include/uapi -I./include/uapi
-I./include/generated/uapi -include ./include/linux/kconfig.h
-D__KERNEL__ -mlittle-endian -Wall -Wundef -Wstrict-prototypes
-Wno-trigraphs -fno-strict-aliasing -fno-common
-Werror-implicit-function-declaration -Wno-format-security
-std=gnu89...