Bayes’ theorem
In this section, we will discuss Bayes’ Theorem, which is used in the classification models described later in this chapter. We will start the chapter by discussing the basics of probability. Then, we will take a look at dependent events and discuss how Bayes’ Theorem is related to dependent events.
Probability
Probability is a measurement of the likelihood that an event occurs or a certain outcome occurs. Generally, we can group events into two types of events: independent events and dependent events. The distinction between the types of events is in the name. An independent event is an event that is not affected or influenced by the occurrences of other events, while a dependent event is affected or influenced by the occurrences of other events.
Let’s think about some examples of these events. For the first example, think about a fair coin toss. A coin toss can result in one of two states: heads and tails. If the coin is fair, there...
