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Practical Industrial Internet of Things Security
Practical Industrial Internet of Things Security

Practical Industrial Internet of Things Security: A practitioner's guide to securing connected industries

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Profile Icon Sravani Bhattacharjee
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Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon 5 (3 Ratings)
Paperback Jul 2018 324 pages 1st Edition
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Arrow left icon
Profile Icon Sravani Bhattacharjee
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Paperback Jul 2018 324 pages 1st Edition
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Practical Industrial Internet of Things Security

Industrial IoT Dataflow and Security Architecture

"Ensuring that the devices and systems connected to the internet are secure is a key to ensuring the safety and reliability of industrial operations."
             – Dr. Richard Soley, Executive Director, Industrial Internet Consortium (IIC)

The sheer scale and complexity of IIoT demands a systematic approach to secure the system architecture. When the degree of complexity is high, decomposing the security paradigm into subdomains helps to manage and mitigate risks. This decomposition is particularly useful to use cases involving several technologies, and spanning across multiple organizational boundaries (a common scenario in IIoT).

Industrial systems last for decades. This further necessitates to plan for protecting industrial IoT systems and assets against both current and future...

Primer on IIoT attacks and countermeasures

Understanding the dynamics involved in industrial IoT attacks is crucial to perform security risk analysis and mitigation. Threat modeling is commonly used as a security countermeasure, and has been discussed later in this chapter. Attack and fault trees are two methodologies useful to develop security threat models and to communicate the risk of an attack.

In the real world, most attacks are highly customized to target specific vulnerabilities in IoT products and connectivity. Many attacks target zero-day vulnerabilities. In the case of zero-day vulnerabilities, an exploit already exists and can be easily proliferated through the internet or corporate networks to create a snowball effect. Since IIoT involves significant investment and skills, most attacks involve nation state threat actors, who are motivated to create a major impact...

Trustworthiness of an IIoT system

As already noted in this book, the concept of securing cyber-physical systems is a superset of what we normally understand by cybersecurity and information security.

To properly represent the scope of IIoT security, the term trustworthiness is used (NIST-CPS) (IIC-IISF). A working definition of trustworthiness for CPS, according to NIST-CPS, is:

"Trustworthiness is the demonstrable likelihood that the system performs according to designed behavior under any set of conditions as evidenced by characteristics including, but not limited to, safety, security, privacy, reliability and resilience."

Trustworthiness of an IIoT system is an important stakeholder expectation. To make an IIoT system trustworthy, security characteristics of both IT and OT domains must be combined (IIC-IISF). As shown in Figure 2.6, the key characteristics of a trustworthy...

Industrial big data pipeline and architectures

Data is the prime asset in the IIoT value chain. Industrial devices such as sensors, actuators, and controllers generate state and operational data. The information inherent in this industrial big data enables a variety of descriptive, prescriptive, and predictive applications and business insights. This end-to-end flow of data, from the point of ingestion, through information processing using various extract, transform and load (ETL) functions, applying AI and machine learning intelligence, up to the point of data visualization and business application, is collectively referred to as the industrial big data pipeline (shown in Figure 2.7):

Figure 2.7: Schematic illustration of the stages in Industrial Data flows

The preceding diagram is explained as follows:

  • On-premise data sources: On-premise data includes usage and activity data...

Industrial IoT security architecture

In 2015, the IIC released the Industrial Internet Reference Architecture (IIRA) for IIoT systems (IIC-IIRA). It uses "ISO/IEC/IEEE 42010:2011 Systems and Software Engineering–Architecture Description" for architectural conventions and common practices. IIRA provides an architectural framework to analyze concerns, views, models, and so on with certain degrees of abstraction. The use of reference architectures helps to incorporate security by design. Architects can build use case-specific IIoT architectures on top of these reference architectures.

In this section, the four viewpoints of IIC's reference architecture are briefly discussed. These viewpoints simplify the understanding and decomposition of IIoT architectures. You can find an in-depth treatment of these viewpoints in (IIC-IIRA).

...

Summary

This chapter presented a primer of attacks, countermeasures, and threat modeling, which lays the foundation for effective risk analysis and mitigation. It also provided the readers with insights into the distinguishing characteristics of trustworthiness for IIoT systems and the functional components of the industrial big data pipeline.

IIoT systems are highly complex; this chapter presented IIoT architectural viewpoints and patterns as developed by the IIC to provide you with a crisp understanding of end-to-end IIoT system components. Based on usage, operations, and functional domains, the IIoT security architecture was decomposed into a four-tier security model, which has been further elaborated in the subsequent chapters of the book.

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Key benefits

  • Gain practical insights into security concepts in IIoT architecture
  • Demystify complex topics such as cryptography and blockchain
  • Learn through comprehensive references to industry standards and security frameworks when developing IIoT blueprints

Description

Securing connected industries and autonomous systems is of primary concern to the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) community. Unlike cybersecurity, cyber-physical security directly ties to system reliability as well as human and environmental safety. This hands-on guide begins by establishing the foundational concepts of IIoT security with the help of real-world case studies, threat models, and reference architectures. You’ll work with practical tools to design risk-based security controls for industrial use cases and gain practical knowledge of multi-layered defense techniques, including identity and access management (IAM), endpoint security, and communication infrastructure. You’ll also understand how to secure IIoT lifecycle processes, standardization, and governance. In the concluding chapters, you’ll explore the design and implementation of resilient connected systems with emerging technologies such as blockchain, artificial intelligence, and machine learning. By the end of this book, you’ll be equipped with the all the knowledge required to design industry-standard IoT systems confidently.

Who is this book for?

If you’re a security professional, solutions architect, or IoT developers looking to understand and overcome challenges in connected IIoT devices, this book is for you. Some knowledge of IoT development and security is necessary to understand the concepts covered in this book.

What you will learn

  • Understand the fundamentals of industrial connected devices
  • Get to grips with multi-layered IIoT security frameworks
  • Implement a secure industrial architecture
  • Gain insights into securing identity, access, and configuration management for large-scale IIoT deployments
  • Secure your machine-to-machine (M2M) and machine-to-cloud (M2C) connectivity
  • Explore case studies on industrial IoT threat modelling and mitigation approaches
  • Uncover the process of mitigation planning and risk management
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Table of Contents

13 Chapters
An Unprecedented Opportunity at Stake Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Industrial IoT Dataflow and Security Architecture Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
IIoT Identity and Access Management Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Endpoint Security and Trustworthiness Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Securing Connectivity and Communications Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Securing IIoT Edge, Cloud, and Apps Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Secure Processes and Governance Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
IIoT Security Using Emerging Technologies Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Real-World Case Studies in IIoT Security Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
The Road Ahead Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
I Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
II Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Other Books You May Enjoy Chevron down icon Chevron up icon

Customer reviews

Rating distribution
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon 5
(3 Ratings)
5 star 100%
4 star 0%
3 star 0%
2 star 0%
1 star 0%
Cynthia Baker Jan 08, 2019
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon 5
I am really impressed with the scope and depth of this book while tackling such a difficult topic. Industrial IoT in itself is a complex subject. Securing IIoT is by far one of toughest challenge the industry is facing today. Besides it’s a new and emerging field. This is the first compilation I came across that skillfully brought together all the necessary information to secure IIoT under one cover.What I found most helpful is how the book develops and presents the practical steps to build & sustain IIoT projects with predictable security. Now that’s not easy, due to so many moving parts in industrial and other scaled deployments.I’m sure anyone looking to get a good grasp on IIoT security will benefit from this book.
Amazon Verified review Amazon
Johannes Beekman Dec 15, 2018
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Security and privacy are some of the top concerns in any IoT use case discussion. The sheer complexity and dynamic nature of enterprise IoT projects makes it harder to get a good grasp on industrial IoT security. That’s why I was really impressed to come across this book as it brings together all the necessary elements on this subject under one cover. The methodical analysis of securing endpoints, communications, architectures etc. is genuinely helpful. I also liked how this book closes the gap between theory and practice. Along with describing the relevant security concepts, it walks through practical tools and steps to “right-size” security for any IIoT use case.The emerging technology discussions are quite interesting. After all we must future-proof IoT security, especially in a post-quantum world.Overall, I found this book very useful, it’s a much-needed resource if you are already involved with IoT in any capacity or plan to get involved soon.
Amazon Verified review Amazon
Indrani &Shankar Mukherjee Oct 13, 2018
Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon 5
We like this book. Each chapter is filled with necessary details. Thank you Sravani.
Amazon Verified review Amazon
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