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Learn Computer Forensics

You're reading from Learn Computer Forensics A beginner's guide to searching, analyzing, and securing digital evidence

Product type Paperback

Published in Apr 2020

Publisher Packt

ISBN-13 9781838648176

Length 368 pages

Edition 1st Edition

Tools

Kali Linux

Concepts

Forensics

Author (1):

William Oettinger

View More author details

Table of Contents (17) Chapters

Preface

1. Section 1: Acquiring Evidence

2. Chapter 1: Types of Computer-Based Investigations FREE CHAPTER

3. Chapter 2: The Forensic Analysis Process

4. Chapter 3: Acquisition of Evidence

5. Chapter 4: Computer Systems

6. Section 2: Investigation

7. Chapter 5: Computer Investigation Process

8. Chapter 6: Windows Artifact Analysis

9. Chapter 7: RAM Memory Forensic Analysis

10. Chapter 8: Email Forensics – Investigation Techniques

11. Chapter 9: Internet Artifacts

12. Section 3: Reporting

13. Chapter 10: Report Writing

14. Chapter 11: Expert Witness Ethics

15. Assessments

16. Other Books You May Enjoy

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Recovering deleted data

When a file is deleted in the FAT filesystem, the data itself does not get changed. The first character of the directory entry will have it changed to a xE5 and the file allocation table entries are reset to x00. When the filesystem reads the directory entries, and it encounters the xE5, it will skip that entry and start reading from the subsequent entries.

To recover deleted files, we need to reverse the process the filesystem used to delete the files. Remember, it has not changed the file contents; they still physically reside in their assigned clusters. We now need to reverse-engineer the deletion and recreate the file entry and the entries in the file allocation table. To do this, we need to find the first cluster of the file, the size of the file, and the size of the clusters in the volume:

Figure 5.15 – Deleted entry

In the preceding screenshot, we have a directory entry showing that a file has been deleted...

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Authors (1)

William Oettinger

William Oettinger

William Oettinger is a veteran technical trainer and investigator. He is a retired police officer with the Las Vegas Metropolitan Police Department and a retired CID agent with the United States Marine Corps. He is a professional with over 20 years of experience in academic, local, military, federal, and international law enforcement organizations, where he acquired his multifaceted experience in IT, digital forensics, security operations, law enforcement, criminal investigations, policy, and procedure development. He has earned an MSc from Tiffin University, Ohio. When not working, he likes to spend time with his wife and his three miniature schnauzers.

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