Memory management and its kinds

The RAM in your computer is a limited resource and is shared by all running programs. It's a necessity that when a program is done executing its instructions, it is expected to release any memory used so that the OS can reclaim it and hand it to other processes. When we talk about memory management, a prominent aspect we care about is the reclamation of used memory and how that happens. The level of management required in deallocating used memory is different in different languages. Up until the mid-1990s, the majority of programming languages relied on manual memory management, which required the programmer to call memory allocator APIs such asmallocandfreein code to allocate and deallocate memory, respectively. Around 1959,John McCarthy, the creator ofLisp,inventedGarbage Collectors(GC), a form of automatic memory management and Lisp was the first language to use one. A GC runs as a daemon thread as part of the running program and analyzes the memory that...