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Cloud-Native Applications in Java
Cloud-Native Applications in Java

Cloud-Native Applications in Java: Build microservice-based cloud-native applications that dynamically scale

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Profile Icon Olsson Profile Icon S Profile Icon Kumar Gupta Profile Icon Mahajan
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Profile Icon Olsson Profile Icon S Profile Icon Kumar Gupta Profile Icon Mahajan
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Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Full star icon Half star icon 4.2 (51 Ratings)
Paperback Feb 2018 406 pages 1st Edition
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Cloud-Native Applications in Java

Writing Your First Cloud-Native Application

This chapter looks at the essential elements of building your first cloud-native application. We will do the minimal number of steps required to get a microservice running in our development environment.

If you are an experienced Java developer using IDEs such as Eclipse, you will find yourself on familiar turf. Though most of it will be similar to building traditional applications, there are a few nuances, which we will discuss in this chapter and summarize at the end.

The setup steps to get development going will vary based on the type of developer:

  • For hobbyist, self-employed, or working-from-home developers with open access to the internet, cloud development is relatively simple.
  • for enterprise developers who work on projects for customers or business teams in a closed environment and has to access the internet through a proxy,...

Setting up your developer toolbox

For any profession, the tools are very important, and that applies to coding as well. Before writing a line of code, we need to get the right equipment to start.

Getting an IDE

An integrated development environment (IDE) is more than a code editor; it includes the tools for autocompletion, syntax, formatting, and other miscellaneous features, such as search and replace. IDEs have advanced features such as refactoring, building, testing, and running the programs with the help of runtime containers.

The popular IDEs are Eclipse, IntelliJ IDEA, and NetBeans. Of the three, Eclipse is the most popular and open source IDE available for Java. It has a big community and is frequently updated...

Understanding the development life cycle

Professional software writing goes through various stages. In the following sections, we will talk about all the various stages we will follow while developing the application.

Requirements/user stories

It is important to know the problem statement being solved before starting any coding or design. Agile development methodology recommends breaking the overall project into modules and services, and then implementing a few features at a time as user stories. The idea is to get a minimally viable product (MVP) and then keep adding features.

The problem we have taken to solve is an area of e-commerce. Due to online shopping, most of us are familiar with e-commerce as consumers. It is time...

Selecting a framework

Having looked at the basics, let's write our product service. After IDE setup, the next step is to select a framework to write the service. The microservice architecture puts forward a few interesting design considerations that will help us select the frameworks:

  • Lightweight runtime: The service should be small in size and fast to deploy
  • High resiliency: It should have support for patterns such as circuit breaker and timeout
  • Measurable and monitorable: It should capture metrics and expose hooks for monitoring agents to tap into
  • Efficient: It should avoid blocking resources and enable high scalability and elasticity in the presence of increased load

A good comparison can be found at: https://cdelmas.github.io/2015/11/01/A-comparison-of-Microservices-Frameworks.html. Three frameworks are gaining popularity in the Java space that meet the preceding...

Writing a product service

For the sake of simplicity, our product service has two functions:

  • List<int> getProducts(int categoryId)
  • Product getProduct(int prodId)

The intent of the two methods is quite clear. The first returns a list of product IDs given a category ID, and the second returns product details (as an object) given a product ID.

Creating a Maven project

Open your IDE (Eclipse Neon or other) and then create a new Maven project as follows:

  1. Right-click on Package Explorer and select New and Project..., as shown in the following screenshot:
  1. Select Maven Project:
  1. In the next window of the wizard, choose Create a simple project.

 

  1. The next dialog will ask for many parameters. Of these...

Enabling cloud-native behaviors

We have just developed a basic service with two APIs that respond to requests. Let's add a few capabilities that will enable to it to be a good cloud citizen. We will discuss the following:

  • Externalizing configuration
  • Instrumentation—health and metrics
  • Service registration and discovery

Externalizing configuration

Configuration can be any property that is likely to differ between environments or production deployments. Typical examples are queue and topic names, ports, URLs, connection and pool properties, and so on.

A deployable should not have configuration in it. A configuration should be injected from outside. This makes the deployable unit immutable as it goes through the...

Summary

Let's review the key concepts of the cloud applications that we have discussed so far. We made our application lightweight by making it run on a servlet engine and start in less than 15 seconds. Our application is self-contained, as the fat JAR has all libraries to run our service. We just need a JVM to run this JAR file. It has externalized configuration (to some extent) by injecting environment from the command line and properties from application.yml and bootstrap.yml. We take a deeper look at the next stages of externalization in Chapter 7, Cloud-Native Application Runtime. The Spring actuator helped capturing all metrics and made their URL available for consumption, thus enabling instrumentation. The location abstraction was implemented by Eureka.

In the next chapters, we will enhance this service by adding to it a data tier and resiliency...

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Key benefits

  • Take advantage of the simplicity of Spring to build a full-fledged application
  • Let your applications run faster while generating smaller cloud service bills
  • Integrate your application with various tools such as Docker and ElasticSearch and use specific tools in Azure and AWS

Description

Businesses today are evolving so rapidly that they are resorting to the elasticity of the cloud to provide a platform to build and deploy their highly scalable applications. This means developers now are faced with the challenge of building build applications that are native to the cloud. For this, they need to be aware of the environment, tools, and resources they’re coding against. If you’re a Java developer who wants to build secure, resilient, robust, and scalable applications that are targeted for cloud-based deployment, this is the book for you. It will be your one stop guide to building cloud-native applications in Java Spring that are hosted in On-prem or cloud providers - AWS and Azure The book begins by explaining the driving factors for cloud adoption and shows you how cloud deployment is different from regular application deployment on a standard data centre. You will learn about design patterns specific to applications running in the cloud and find out how you can build a microservice in Java Spring using REST APIs You will then take a deep dive into the lifecycle of building, testing, and deploying applications with maximum automation to reduce the deployment cycle time. Gradually, you will move on to configuring the AWS and Azure platforms and working with their APIs to deploy your application. Finally, you’ll take a look at API design concerns and their best practices. You’ll also learn how to migrate an existing monolithic application into distributed cloud native applications. By the end, you will understand how to build and monitor a scalable, resilient, and robust cloud native application that is always available and fault tolerant.

Who is this book for?

Java developers who want to build secure, resilient, robust and scalable applications that are targeted for cloud based deployment, will find this book helpful. Some knowledge of Java, Spring, web programming and public cloud providers (AWS, Azure) should be sufficient to get you through the book.

What you will learn

  • See the benefits of the cloud environment when it comes to variability, provisioning, and tooling support
  • Understand the architecture patterns and considerations when developing on the cloud
  • Find out how to perform cloud-native techniques/patterns for request routing, RESTful service creation, Event Sourcing, and more
  • Create Docker containers for microservices and set up continuous integration using Jenkins
  • Monitor and troubleshoot an application deployed in the cloud environment
  • Explore tools such as Docker and Kubernetes for containerization and the ELK stack for log aggregation and visualization
  • Use AWS and Azure specific tools to design, develop, deploy, and manage applications
  • Migrate from monolithic architectures to a cloud native deployment
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Table of Contents

13 Chapters
Introduction to Cloud-Native Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Writing Your First Cloud-Native Application Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Designing Your Cloud-Native Application Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Extending Your Cloud-Native Application Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Testing Cloud-Native Applications Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Cloud-Native Application Deployment Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Cloud-Native Application Runtime Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Platform Deployment – AWS Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Platform Deployment – Azure Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
As a Service Integration Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
API Design Best Practices Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Digital Transformation Chevron down icon Chevron up icon
Other Books You May Enjoy Chevron down icon Chevron up icon

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Excellent book! Provides thorough coverage of micro service theory and practical details in simple, easy to understand language.
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