Introduction
The core of C++ is its Standard Template Library (STL), which represents a set of important data structures and algorithms that facilitates the programmer's task and improves code efficiency.
The components of the STL are parametric so that they can be reused and combined in different ways. The STL is mainly made up of container classes, iterators, and algorithms.
Containers are used to store collections of elements of a certain type. Usually, the type of the container is a template parameter, which allows the same container class to support arbitrary elements. There are several container classes, each of them with different characteristics and features.
Iterators are used to traverse the elements of a container. Iterators offer the programmer a simple and common interface to access containers of a different type.
Iterators are similar to raw pointers, which can also iterate through elements using the increment and the decrement operators, or can access a specific element using...
